Changes in HepG2 spheroid behavior induced by differences in the gap distance between spheroids in a micropatterned culture system

Fabrication of Size-Controllable and Arrangement-Orderly HepG2 Spheroids for Drug Screening via Decellularized Liver Matrix-Derived Micropattern Array Chips

“…Recent efforts have clarified that ECM proteins micropattern arrays have become an effective tool for the fabrication of transferable micropatterned cell sheets and obtainment of monoclonal cells. , In this report, we described the use of DLM as the bioink to create DLM micropattern array chips for the first time, which restored the liver microenvironment. Compared with single-component ECM molecules (collagen), which are created in the traditional micropattern arrays, DLM contains a variety of biomacromolecules such as Col I, Col IV, laminin, and fibronectin, which are predominant in the liver. , Meanwhile, compared with commercial Matrigel (a natural ECM), which is purified from Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm mouse sarcoma, DLM maintains liver-specific proteins, growth factors, and cytokines . A previous study also reported that 24 kinds of proteins exclusively identified in the DLM were absent in Col I and Matrigel .…”

“…It is well known that cell necrosis usually occurs in the core of spheroids because of the poor supply of the oxygen and nutrients transported to spheroids through diffusion. In the culture system of the micropattern array, the gap distance between spheroids will modulate the spheroid properties. , Notably, when the diameter of spheroids is indeed determined, the decreased distance between spheroids induces hypoxic conditions . Therefore, with a determined gap distance between spheroids, the oxygen availability may fail to meet the increased oxygen demand with increasing size of spheroids.…”

“…Poly­(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)-adsorbed proteins (as a bioink) create protein-specific microarrays on nonattachment plates by microcontact printing technology. , These plates have been widely used in cytology, drug screening, and tissue engineering . Fibronectin, collagen I, collagen IV, and laminin as bioinks are mainly used for the traditional micropattern array. , However, the single ECM protein component is not enough to improve and regulate the viability and functions of specific cell lines, primary cells, or induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived differentiated cells …”

“…17 Fibronectin, collagen I, collagen IV, and laminin as bioinks are mainly used for the traditional micropattern array. 18,19 However, the single ECM protein component is not enough to improve and regulate the viability and functions of specific cell lines, primary cells, or induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived differentiated cells. 20 Recent advances in whole organ and tissue decellularization have made it possible to obtain organ-specific ECM with unique architecture, composition, and biological and physical properties.…”

Kidney ECM Pregel Nanoarchitectonics for Microarrays to Accelerate Harvesting Gene-Edited Porcine Primary Monoclonal Spheres

“…Fibronectin, collagen I, collagen IV, and Matrigel as substrates are mainly used for traditional microarrays. 13 However, a single protein component is not enough to improve and regulate the viability and functions of specific cells or primary cells. 14 …”