Changes in Liver Histomorphology, Hematological Parameters and Lipid Profile of Cadmium-Exposed Rats Treated with Combined Leaf Extract of Vernonia amygdalina and Occimum gratissimum

Abstract

Aim: This study was aimed at examing the effect of mixture of Ocimum gratissimum extract and Vernonia amygdalina extract on lipid profile and hematological parameters of Wistar rats administered with cadmium.
 Methodology: Sixteen female rats were divided into four groups and designated as follows: Group 1-Control (Normal Saline,) Group 2-(Cadmium 10mg/kg bwt), Group 3 (Normal saline, leaf extract 200kg/kg bwt) Group 4 (Cadmium 10mg/kg bwt and leaf extract 200kg/kg bwt) and were treated for 28 days (4 weeks).
 Results: Exposure of rats to Cadmium alone (Group B) brought about significant increase in levels of Cholesterol, TAG and LDL with a decrease in HDL compared to control and rats maintained on plant extract alone (Group 3). However, treatment of Cd-exposed rats with mixture of the plant extracts (Group 4) significantly reduced Cholesterol, TAG and LDL with an increase in HDL compared to rats maintained on Cd alone (Group 2). The PCV and RBC of the rats administered with the cadmium showed a significant reduction when compared to the control group, whereas the WBC increased significantly (p< 0.05). The group administered with the leaf extract and a combination of the leaf extract and cadmium recorded an increased in the (PCV), (RBC) level of the Wistar rat and a reduction in the (WBC) level when compared to the group administered with cadmium.
 Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that mixture of Ocimum gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina extracts have lipid lowering properties that may be advantageous to those with the problem of cadmium toxicity. The extracts were also found to be efficient in decreasing cholesterol, triacylglyceride, and low density lipoprotein levels, indicating that they have hypocholesterolaemic properties.

Mature Wistar Rats' Spleen and Liver Histomorphological Changes Related to the Duration of Atrazine Exposure

“…Earlier reports by Abarikwu and others suggested that atrazine may have an immunosuppressive impact [21]. This outcome is similarly consistent with that reported by Udi et al [22] who also noted splenic cell degeneration in response to garlic extract. This may be caused by an increase in the rate of erythrocyte breakdown following pesticide exposure [23,24].…”

Protective Effect of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum Leaf against Cadmium- Induced Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats

“…14 The ethanol leaf extracts of O. gratissimum and Vernonia amygdalina have also been investigated for their potential to ameliorate the lipid profile, haematology and histomorphology of cadmium-exposed rats. 15 In other related studies, the oxidative damage induced by lead acetate in lymphoid tissues and haematological parameters of adult Wistar rats was improved by administering the ethanol leaf extract of O. gratissimum, 16 while the methanolic leaf extract of O. gratissimum has also been studied for its ability to attenuates oxidative stress and liver injury in gentamicininduced hepatotoxicity in rats. 17 O. gratissimum is a perennial and herbaceous plant.…”