Changes in microclimate after stand conversion in two northern hardwood stands

Liechty, Hal O.; Holmes, Michael J.; Reed, David D.; Mroz, Glenn D.

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(92)90340-f

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although there are signs of recovery 2 yr following the harvest, we cannot determine the final magnitude and duration of effects of the harvest, which suggests that a long-term monitoring program is needed. Our results demonstrated many similar microclimatic responses to other studies (Hungerford & Babbitt 1987, Gray & Spies 1992, Liechty et al 1992, Chen & Franklin 1997, such as in the northern hardwood forests of the Great Lakes region, where daily amplitude of temperature near the surface was higher in clearcuts than in other treatments (Heilman et al 1996). ∆h at both harvested sites was higher at night than during the day, with more fluctuation under the EAM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The difference in ∆R t 1995 (pre-harvest), 1997 and 1998 (post-harvest) at uneven-and even-aged sites between EAM and UAM sites was likely reduced because of the increase in understory vegetation and rapid re-growth of overstory canopies at both sites. Liechty et al (1992) demonstrated that 5 yr after harvesting, air temperature and soil temperature showed no evidence of recovering from initial post-harvest levels in northern hardwood stands. Our research at MOFEP sites, on the other hand, suggested that the recovering processes may be faster than those previously reported, probably depending on the variable of concern, disturbance regime, and geographic location.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human and natural disturbances substantially alter the microclimate (Liechty et al 1992, Chen et al 1999b, and each of the microclimatic variables has unique spatial and temporal responses to changes in structural elements. For example, solar radiation and air and soil temperatures are highly sensitive to changes due to harvesting in the structure of the canopy, which functions as a physical barrier.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity of the microclimate to timber harvesting can provide researchers and managers with the necessary information for understanding changes and functioning of ecosystems. In addition, microclimatic variables can be accurately measured and often used as first-hand information for ecological modeling, largely because of their direct or indirect influences on ecological processes such as seed germination, plant photosynthesis and growth, litter decomposition and respiration, plant mortality, and species invasion/extinction (Tromp 1980, Harmon et al 1986, Fowells & Means 1990, Chen et al 1992, Liechty et al 1992, Buckley et al 1998. For example, temperature, humidity, light, wind speed, and precipi-tation are widely used as driving variables for simulating plant water status and photosynthesis (Jones 1983, Zheng et al 1993, Waring & Running 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of silvicultural treatments on summer forest microclimate in southeastern Missouri Ozarks

Zheng¹,

Chen

Song³

et al. 2000

Clim. Res.

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The effects of silvicultural treatments (e.g., even-aged management, EAM, and unevenaged, UAM) on 4 microclimatic variables (air temperature, incoming solar radiation, humidity, and soil temperature) were examined in oak forests of southeastern Missouri Ozarks, USA. Nine mobile climatic stations were used to collect field data during the summers of 1995 (pre-harvest), and 1997 and 1998 (post-harvest). Spatial variation of air temperature at 2 m height increased 96 and 35% (2-year average) after harvest in UAM and EAM sites, respectively, as quantified by 95% confidence intervals (CI). UAM increased the variability of air temperature at the lower end of the daily range in the CI more than at the upper end, while EAM had a stronger effect on raising spatial variation at the upper end of the CI than at the lower end. Spatial variation of soil temperature within an 80 × 80 m grid increased significantly during daytime after harvest, especially at the surface, but did not change much during nighttime. EAM resulted in a larger increase of soil temperature variation than did UAM. Greater amplitudes of diurnal soil temperatures (especially at the surface) were observed at depths of 0, 5, and 10 cm and were more evident at the EAM site after harvest. The duration of variation in post-harvest soil surface temperature during daytime was about 3 times longer than pre-harvest at the EAM site. Spatial variation in radiation increased 56 and 128% in UAM and EAM sites after harvest, respectively. Except for radiation, significance levels of differences in means of microclimatic variables were reduced after harvest among the 3 Ecological Land Types (ELTs); the spatial variation of microclimate was smaller among ELTs within the same treatment than between treatments. Our results suggested that, usually, EAM affected the microclimate more than UAM did, especially in raising soil temperatures on northeast slopes (ELT 18 ).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of silvicultural treatments on summer forest microclimate in southeastern Missouri Ozarks

Zheng¹,

Chen

Song³

et al. 2000

Clim. Res.

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“…In general, soils under forest cover are warmer in the winter and colder in the summer than clearfelling areas; these phenomena can be detected down to depths of 80 to 100 cm, and temperature differences may reach 4 to 5°C [6,30,55,64]. In fact, soil temperature is a microclimatic parameter which is often forgotten when studying the ecophysiological behaviour of forest stands.…”

Section: The Influence Of Forest Cover On the Microclimatementioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between forest stands and microclimate: Ecophysiological aspects and consequences for silviculture

2000

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-At a local scale, forest trees and stands have a marked influence on climate; thus it is possible to define microclimates. These effects depend on local climatic characteristics and stand type. All climatic parameters should be considered, but particular attention should be paid to temperature, light and water. From a silvicultural point of view knowledge of the interactions existing between microclimatic conditions and stands, in conjunction with information now available concerning tree ecophysiology make it possible to produce viable applications which are useful for silviculture during stand formation, and for applying silvicultural treatments. Whitout a doubt, taking forest cover interactions into account (climate and ecophysiological potential of species) is the basis of sustainable management in forests. Based on the current knowledge about young stands, it is possible to use existing vegetation cover, in a more or less modified form, to improve temperature conditions especially in relation to spring frost damage, and to improve water conditions for both plant uptake and plant growth for a variable period depending on the species, but for a minimum of 4 to 5 years. For clearing and thinning, the effects of microclimatic changes created by this type of forestry management, and consequently the response of trees in terms of photosynthesis and growth, are now well defined.forest stands / microclimate / ecophysiology / silviculture Résumé -Interactions entre peuplements forestiers et microclimat : aspect écophysiologique et conséquences pour la sylviculture. Les arbres et les peuplements forestiers exercent, au niveau local, des influences notables sur le climat ; on peut alors définir des microclimats. Ces influences sont dépendantes des caractéristiques du climat local et des types de peuplement. L'ensemble des paramètres climatiques sont à considérer, mais une attention particulière doit être portée à la température, à la lumière et à l'eau. Au plan sylvicole la connaissance des interactions existant entre conditions microclimatiques et peuplements, couplées aux informations maintenant disponibles concernant l'écophysiologie des arbres permettent de déboucher sur des applications fiables, utilisables par la sylviculture pour la création des peuplements et la mise en oeuvre des traitements sylvicoles. Incontestablement la prise en compte des interactions couvert forestier -climat et potentialités écophysiologiques des essences est à la base d'une gestion durable des forêts. Sur la base des connaissances actuelles et pour ce qui concerne les jeunes peuplements, il est possible d'utiliser le couvert végétal préexistant, plus ou moins modifié, pour améliorer les conditions thermiques notamment au plan des risques de dégâts de gel au printemps et pour améliorer les conditions hydriques tant pour ce qui concerne la reprise que la croissance des plants pendant une période variable selon les espèces, mais d'une durée minimale de 4 à 5 ans. Pour les dégagements et éclaircies l'effet des modifications micr...

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Unfolding the effects of different forestry treatments on microclimate in oak forests: results of a 4‐yr experiment

Kovács

Tinya

Németh

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

165

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A stable below‐canopy microclimate of forests is essential for their biodiversity and ecosystem functionality. Forest management necessarily modifies the buffering capacity of woodlands. However, the specific effects of different forestry treatments on site conditions, the temporal recovery after the harvests, and the reason for the contrasts between treatments are still poorly understood. The effects of four different forestry treatments (clear‐cutting, retention tree group, preparation cutting, and gap‐cutting) on microclimatic variables were studied within a field experiment in a managed oak‐dominated stand in Hungary, before (2014) and after (2015–2017) the interventions by complete block design with six replicates. From the first post‐treatment year, clear‐cuts differed the most from the uncut control due to the increased irradiance and heat load. Means and variability of air and soil temperature increased, air became dryer along with higher soil moisture levels. Retention tree groups could effectively ameliorate the extreme temperatures but not the mean values. Preparation cutting induced slight changes from the original buffered and humid forest microclimate. Despite the substantially more incoming light, gap‐cutting could retain the cool and humid air conditions and showed the highest increase in soil moisture after the interventions. For most microclimate variables, we could not observe any obvious trend within 3 yr. However, soil temperature variability decreased with time in clear‐cuts, while soil moisture difference continuously increased in gap‐ and clear‐cuts. Based on multivariate analyses, the treatments separated significantly based mainly on the temperature maxima and variability. We found that (1) the effect sizes among treatment levels were consistent throughout the years, (2) the climatic recovery time for variables appears to be far more than 3 yr, and (3) the applied silvicultural methods diverged mainly among the temperature maxima. Based on our study, the spatially heterogeneous and fine‐scaled treatments of continuous cover forestry (gap‐cutting, selection systems) are recommended. By applying these practices, the essential structural elements creating buffered microclimate could be more successfully maintained. Thus, forestry interventions could induce less pronounced alterations in environmental conditions for forest‐dwelling organism groups.

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Changes in microclimate after stand conversion in two northern hardwood stands

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

Effects of silvicultural treatments on summer forest microclimate in southeastern Missouri Ozarks

Effects of silvicultural treatments on summer forest microclimate in southeastern Missouri Ozarks

Interactions between forest stands and microclimate: Ecophysiological aspects and consequences for silviculture

Unfolding the effects of different forestry treatments on microclimate in oak forests: results of a 4‐yr experiment

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