Changes in neighborhood air quality after idling of an urban oil production site

Johnston, Jill; Okorn, Kristen; Horne, Yoshira Ornelas Van; Jimenez, Amanda

doi:10.1039/d1em00048a

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…We did not observe a significant spatial gradient for the oil factor, suggesting that residents across the area may be impacted by the pollution source and that there may not be much of an exposure gradient within 1 km. Epidemiological studies have shown health effects for residents living within 1 km of oil and drilling sites, and several studies indicate increased air pollution and reduced health within 3 km. − We observed the Mn and Ni factor to be highest in people who live in homes instead of apartments, which may have to do with exposure to soil. People in homes may have more soil exposure than people in apartments, and soil may be one of the main sources of metal exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Metal Exposures in Residents Living Near an Urban Oil Drilling Site in Los Angeles, California

Quist

Horne

Farzan

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Urban environmental justice communities are potentially exposed to multiple toxic metals, through contaminated air, soil, water, and food. However, information on metals and their sources is lacking. This study uses non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) in a community-based participatory research study to identify potential sources and to understand how these metals cluster in a population near an urban oil drilling site. We recruited 203 Latinx, Black, and Asian residents who lived within 1 km of an oil drilling site in south Los Angeles and collected toenail clippings to assess exposure to arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and antimony (Sb). Using NMF, we identified three clusters based on concentrations in the participants’ toenails. As, Cd, Pb, and Sb grouped together, indicative of an industrial source. A second grouping was composed of Ni and Mn, which may be related to oil drilling. We also identified a third source factor predominantly driven by Hg and As, which may arise from dietary sources. Utilizing NMF, a dimension reduction method, we identified a source factor high in Ni and Mn in residents living in a neighborhood near an active oil drilling site.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Metal Exposures in Residents Living Near an Urban Oil Drilling Site in Los Angeles, California

Quist

Horne

Farzan

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…These source attribution efforts afford the relevant communities or agencies the ability to address hazards in order of importance. For instance, a previous PMF analysis near an oil and gas facility in Los Angeles resulted in VOCs split into 6 main factors, with compounds emanating from: combustion, aged motor vehicle emissions, fresh motor vehicle emissions, biogenic, industrial manufacturing, and natural gas [32]. This analysis aided in community understanding of anthropogenic and biogenic air quality risks in the area.…”

Section: Positive Matrix Factorizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications and Limitations of Quantifying Speciated and Source-Apportioned VOCs with Metal Oxide Sensors

Okorn

Hannigan

2021

Atmosphere

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While low-cost air quality sensor quantification has improved tremendously in recent years, speciated hydrocarbons have received little attention beyond total lumped volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or total non-methane hydrocarbons (TNMHCs). In this work, we attempt to use two broad response metal oxide VOC sensors to quantify a host of speciated hydrocarbons as well as smaller groups of hydrocarbons thought to be emanating from the same source or sources. For sensors deployed near oil and gas facilities, we utilize artificial neural networks (ANNs) to calibrate our low-cost sensor signals to regulatory-grade measurements of benzene, toluene, and formaldehyde. We also use positive matrix factorization (PMF) to group these hydrocarbons along with others by source, such as wet and dry components of oil and gas operations. The two locations studied here had different sets of reference hydrocarbon species measurements available, helping us determine which specific hydrocarbons and VOC mixtures are best suited for this approach. Calibration fits on the upper end reach above R2 values of 0.6 despite the parts per billion (ppb) concentration ranges of each, which are magnitudes below the manufacturer’s prescribed detection limits for the sensors. The sensors generally captured the baseline trends in the data, but failed to quantitatively estimate larger spikes that occurred intermittently. While compounds with high variability were not suited for this method, its success with several of the compounds studied represents a crucial first step in low-cost VOC speciation. This work has important implications in improving our understanding of the links between health and environment, as different hydrocarbons will have varied consequences in the human body and atmosphere.

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Review of scientific research on air quality and environmental health risk and impact for PICTS

Hilly,

Singh,

Jagals

et al. 2024

Science of The Total Environment

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Changes in neighborhood air quality after idling of an urban oil production site

Abstract: Oil and gas development is occurring in urban, densely populated neighborhoods; however, the impacts of these operations on neighborhood air quality are not well characterized. In this research, we leveraged...

Cited by 5 publications

References 62 publications

Metal Exposures in Residents Living Near an Urban Oil Drilling Site in Los Angeles, California

Metal Exposures in Residents Living Near an Urban Oil Drilling Site in Los Angeles, California

Applications and Limitations of Quantifying Speciated and Source-Apportioned VOCs with Metal Oxide Sensors

Review of scientific research on air quality and environmental health risk and impact for PICTS

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