Changes in P3b Latency and Amplitude Reflect Expertise Acquisition in a Football Visuomotor Learning Task

Morgan, Kyle; Luu, Phan; Tucker, Don M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154021

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The general finding is that P3b latency is more sensitive to manipulations that affect stimulus versus response processing. Other studies divide participants' RTs into quantiles, and compare the amplitude and latency of the P3b averaged across trials that make up quantiles (Friedman, 1984;Holm et al, 2006;Kida et al, 2003;Morgan, Luu, & Tucker, 2016;Ramchurn et al, 2014;Roth, Ford, &Kopell, 1978). These studies draw on the fact that P3b latenciesto repeated presentations of the same stimuli vary by tens of milliseconds within individuals (Nishida et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of P3b single-trial latencies and response times in one, two, and three-stimulus oddball tasks

Walsh

Gunzelmann

Anderson

2017

Biological Psychology

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The P300 is one of the most widely studied components of the human event-related potential. According to a longstanding view, the P300, and particularly its posterior subcomponent (i.e., the P3b), is driven by stimulus categorization. Whether the P3b relates to tactical processes involved in immediate responding or strategic processes that affect future behavior remains controversial, however. It is difficult to determine whether variability in P3b latencies relates to variability in response times because of limitations in the methods currently available to quantify the latency of the P3b during single trials. In this paper, we report results from the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), the Hitchcock Radar Task, and a 3-Stimulus Oddball Task. These represent variants of the one-, two-, and three-stimulus oddball paradigms commonly used to study the P3b. The PVT requires simple detection, whereas the Hitchcock Radar Task and the 3-Stimulus Task require detection and categorization. We apply a novel technique that combines hidden semi-Markov models and multi-voxel pattern analysis (HSMM-MVPA) to data from the three experiments. HSMM-MVPA revealed a processing stage in each task corresponding to the P3b. Trial-by-trial variability in the latency of the processing stage correlated with response times in the Hitchcock Radar Task and the 3-Stimulus Task, but not the PVT. These results indicate that the P3b reflects a stimulus categorization process, and that its latency is strongly associated with response times when the stimulus must be categorized before responding. In addition to those theoretical insights, the ability to detect the onset of the P3b and other components on a single-trial basis using HSMM-MVPA opens the door for new uses of mental chronometry in cognitive neuroscience.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of P3b single-trial latencies and response times in one, two, and three-stimulus oddball tasks

Walsh

Gunzelmann

Anderson

2017

Biological Psychology

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“…Posterior cingulate gyrus is, in turn, an essential part of default mode network and is strongly involved in self-awareness and internal goal-directed behavior (Leech and Sharp, 2014 ). One study demonstrated increased activity in posterior cingulate gyrus parallel with extensive training and proficiency in visuomotor learning tasks in football players (Morgan et al, 2016 ). Bilateral anterior and posterior parts of the cingulate gyrus are active during memory-related tasks in chess players but not novices (Campitelli et al, 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Investigation of White Matter Tracts in Professional Chess Players and Relation to Expertise: Region of Interest and DMRI Connectometry

2018

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Purpose: Expertise is the product of training. Few studies have used functional connectivity or conventional diffusometric methods to identify neural underpinnings of chess expertise. Diffusometric variables of white matter might reflect these adaptive changes, along with changes in structural connectivity, which is a sensitive measure of microstructural changes.Method: Diffusometric variables of 29 professional chess players and 29 age-sex matched controls were extracted for white matter regions based on John Hopkin's Mori white matter atlas and partially correlated against professional training time and level of chess proficiency. Diffusion MRI connectometry was implemented to identify changes in structural connectivity in professional players compared to novices.Result: Compared to novices, higher planar anisotropy (CP) was observed in inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and cingulate gyrus, in professional chess players, which correlated with higher RPM score in this group. Higher fractional anisotropy (FA) was observed in ILF, uncinate fasciculus (UF) and hippocampus and correlated with better scores in Raven's progressive matrices (RPM) score and longer duration of chess training in professional players. Consistently, radial diffusivity in bilateral IFOF, bilateral ILF and bilateral SLF was inversely correlated with level of training in professional players. DMRI connectometry analysis identified increased connectivity in bilateral UF, bilateral IFOF, bilateral cingulum, and corpus callosum in chess player's compared to controls.Conclusion: Structural connectivity of major associational subcortical white matter fibers are increased in professional chess players. FA and CP of ILF, SLF and UF directly correlates with duration of professional training and RPM score, in professional chess players.

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“…An adaptive mean amplitude corresponding to 22 ms before and after the peak amplitude window extending from approximately 450-950 ms after stimulus onset was computed for the group of electrodes to quantify the component. This method was applied for the post-learning trials for all three formation categories and is consistent with how we have quantified the P3b in previous experiments [40]. Separate ERPs For the P3b analysis, a set of 17 channels that corresponded to the posterior-parietal distribution of the component were used (see blue electrodes, Figure 12).…”

Section: Event-related Potentials (Erps) Selection Motivation and Anamentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The distinct nature of individual ERPs enables us to attribute any observed differences as occurring within the well-studied circuitry that produces each ERP. In the past we utilized two ERPs to track learning-related changes in the brain: The Medial Frontal Negativity (MFN) and P300b (P3b)-for review see [13,39,40]. The MFN is a stimulus-locked medial frontal component with its primary sources in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) [13].…”

Section: Event-related Potentials (Erps) Selection Motivation and Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the P300 is elicited under an array of conditions and there is now a well-defined family of different P300 components. Most relevant to learning, the amplitude of the Late Positive Component (referred to as the P3b) mirrors accuracy improvements during categorization tasks [39,40]. The P3b is hypothesized to reflect a constant monitoring and updating of the context under which learning occurred.…”

Section: Event-related Potentials (Erps) Selection Motivation and Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Multiple Memory Systems During Category Learning

et al. 2020

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The brain utilizes distinct neural mechanisms that ease the transition through different stages of learning. Furthermore, evidence from category learning has shown that dissociable memory systems are engaged, depending on the structure of a task. This can even hold true for tasks that are very similar to each other, which complicates the process of classifying brain activity as relating to changes that are associated with learning or reflecting the engagement of a memory system suited for the task. The primary goals of these studies were to characterize the mechanisms that are associated with category learning and understand the extent to which different memory systems are recruited within a single task. Two studies providing spatial and temporal distinctions between learning-related changes in the brain and category-dependent memory systems are presented. The results from these experiments support the notion that exemplar memorization, rule-based, and perceptual similarity-based categorization are flexibly recruited in order to optimize performance during a single task. We conclude that these three methods, along with the memory systems they rely on, aid in the development of expertise, but their engagement might depend on the level of familiarity with a category.

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Changes in P3b Latency and Amplitude Reflect Expertise Acquisition in a Football Visuomotor Learning Task

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Relationship of P3b single-trial latencies and response times in one, two, and three-stimulus oddball tasks

Relationship of P3b single-trial latencies and response times in one, two, and three-stimulus oddball tasks

Comprehensive Investigation of White Matter Tracts in Professional Chess Players and Relation to Expertise: Region of Interest and DMRI Connectometry

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Multiple Memory Systems During Category Learning

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