Changes in Patterns of Enzymes of Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Developing Rat Liver

3-Phosphoglycerate kinase from rat tissues. Further characterization and developmental studies

“…Steady-state values were 300, 145, and 115 units per g of tissue for skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and liver, respectively. Using immunological techie evelopmental studies on glycolytic enzymes have usually dealt with the subject from the standpoint of whether the level of glycolytic enzymes is related to the glycolytic flux (Burch et al, 1963;Schaub et al, 1972;Middleton and Walker, 1972;Osterman et al, 1973). Few (Ramponi et al, 1968;Goetsch, 1966) developmental studies on the glycolytic enzyme 3phosphoglycerate kinase (ATP:3-phospho-D-glycerate 1phosphotransferase, EC 2.123) have appeared despite the fact that the other three kinases of the glycolytic pathway, glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase, are generally conceded to be sites of metabolic control of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (Scrutton and Utter, 1968).…”

Neonatal Vitamin C and Cysteine Deficiencies Program Adult Hepatic Glutathione and Specific Activities of Glucokinase, Phosphofructokinase, and Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase in Guinea Pigs’ Livers

“…Prenatal metabolism is characterized by high glycolytic and lipogenic rates, as the lack of oxygen allows energy production from glycolysis and storage of pyruvate as triglycerides. At birth, glycolytic rates slowly decrease and remain low until adulthood as oxygen increases the ATP yield, while lipogenesis plummets at the first days of life and slightly increases at adulthood [57,58]. Comparisons of the values observed at 1 and 12 weeks of life support the hypothesis that oxidative stress can induce an adultlike phenotype of energy metabolism in newborns at the level of protein expression, as the lower levels of glycolytic enzymes found at 1 week of life in deficient animals are similar to the ones observed at adult life in controls.…”

Metabolic Adaptations of the Fetus and Newborn

“…The transfer of glucose from the maternal circulation via the placenta to the fetus results in a constant infusion of substrate. Active glucose oxidation by the fetus has been well documented (2) and the activities of enzymes of the glycolytic pathway in fetal rat liver have been reported to be higher than those seen in adult livers (3). For example, we have recently shown that the rate of lactate production from glucose by fetal rat lung is two-fold greater than the adult probably reflecting an increase in glycolytic activity (4).…”