Changes in plasma high density lipoproteins in chronic male alcoholics during and after abuse

Danielsson, Bengt; Ekman, Rolf; Fex, Göran; Johansson, Benny; Kristensson, Hans; Nilsson‐Ehle, Peter; Wadstein, Jan

doi:10.1080/00365517809156078

Cited by 145 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…That important issue was addressed in the present study by following simultaneously CETP activity, PLTP activity, and HDL size distribution in total plasma from alcoholic patients before and after alcohol withdrawal. We chose to study the latter parameters in alcoholic patients entering a cessation program for the following reasons: (i) alcohol consumption is known to be associated with marked, significant changes in the level and distribution of plasma HDL (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26); (ii) alterations in plasma lipid transfers are suspected to contribute to the alcohol-induced rise in plasma HDL-cholesterol (17)(18)(19)(20); (iii) plasma lipid parameters (18,22,27), distribution of HDL subpopulations (20,38), and plasma lipid transfer activity (17,19,20, and this study) are significantly modified after alcohol withdrawal.…”

Section: Table IVmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That latter point was addressed in the present study by determining the effect of CETP and PLTP on the relative proportions of HDL 2b , HDL 2a , HDL 3a , HDL 3b , and HDL 3c subpopulations both in total human plasma and in reconstituted experimental mixtures containing isolated lipoproteins and purified lipid transfer proteins. More specifically, the cholesteryl ester and phospholipid transfer activities, as well as the size distribution of HDL were investigated in patients with chronic alcoholism, a pathological state that has been shown to be associated with abnormalities in plasma CETP activity (17)(18)(19)(20), HDL profile (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26), and as demonstrated for the first time in the present study with alterations in plasma PLTP activity. Thus, alcohol withdrawal provided us with a unique opportunity to study in vivo alterations in plasma lipid transfer activities and to analyze their effects in terms of plasma HDL distribution.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Opposite Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein and Phospholipid Transfer Protein on the Size Distribution of Plasma High Density Lipoproteins

Lagrost

Athias

Herbeth

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) in determining the size distribution of high density lipoproteins (HDL) in human plasma. Whereas both purified CETP and PLTP preparations were able to promote the size redistribution of isolated HDL 3 , CETP favored the emergence of small HDL, while PLTP induced the formation of both small and large conversion products. When the total plasma lipoprotein fractions isolated from nine distinct subjects were incubated for 24 h at 37°C with either purified PLTP or purified CETP, significant alterations in the relative proportions of the five distinct plasma HDL subpopulations, i.e., HDL 2b (9.71-12.90 nm), HDL 2a (8.77-9.71 nm), HDL 3a (8.17-8.77 nm), HDL 3b (7.76 -8.17 nm), and HDL 3c (7.21-7.76 nm) were also observed. PLTP induced a significant increase in the relative abundance of HDL 2b (8.66 ؎ 2.34% versus 7.87 ؎ 1.83% in controls; p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in the relative abundance of HDL 3a (32.76 ؎ 3.42% versus 37.87 ؎ 2.62% in controls; p < 0.05). In contrast, CETP significantly reduced the relative proportion of HDL 2a (33.03 ؎ 2.53% versus 37.56 ؎ 6.43% in controls; p < 0.01) but significantly increased the relative proportion of both HDL 3b (21.36 ؎ 6.97% versus 15.58 ؎ 7.75% in controls; p < 0.01) and HDL 3c (3.21 ؎ 4.84% versus 1.13 ؎ 0.56% in controls; p < 0.05). Finally, in order to assess further the physiological relevance of in vitro observations, CETP activity, PLTP activity, and HDL size distribution were determined in plasmas from 33 alcoholic patients entering a cessation program. Alcohol withdrawal was associated with (i) a significant increase in plasma CETP activity (173.5 ؎ 70.5%/h/ml before versus 223.2 ؎ 69.3%/h/ml after alcohol withdrawal, p ‫؍‬ 0.0007), (ii) a significant reduction in plasma PLTP activity (473.9 ؎ 203.7%/h/ml before versus 312.7 ؎ 148.4%/h/ml after alcohol withdrawal, p ‫؍‬ 0. In human plasma, five distinct high density lipoprotein (HDL) 1 subpopulations have been identified on the basis of their apparent diameter as determined by using polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis: HDL 2b (9.71-12.90 nm), HDL 2a (8.77-9.71 nm), HDL 3a (8.17-8.77 nm), HDL 3b (7.76 -8.17 nm), and HDL 3c (7.21-7.76 nm) (1). The heterogeneity of HDL in terms of size distribution may be of physiopathological relevance, and Cheung and coworkers (2) reported significant alterations in HDL size in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease as compared with healthy control subjects. Interestingly, the presence of coronary artery disease was more strongly associated with abnormalities in HDL particle size distribution than with low HDL cholesterol levels (2). Therefore, these observations raised a considerable interest in identifying the factors that can induce alterations in the relative proportions of plasma HDL 2b , HDL 2a , HDL 3a , HDL 3b , and HDL 3c subfractions in vivo.It is now well established that plasma lipoproteins do ...

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Section: Table IVmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposite Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein and Phospholipid Transfer Protein on the Size Distribution of Plasma High Density Lipoproteins

Lagrost

Athias

Herbeth

et al. 1996

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Also, not all heavily drinking individuals have high serum GT. 3 The increased HDL concentration may be related to alcohol in another way. It has also been suggested that increased hepatic triglyceride secretion is related to microsomal enzyme induction.!"…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations of Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins with Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and Attitude to Alcohol Consumption

1982

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SUMMARY The correlation of three markers of alcohol consumption: serum concentration of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol), apolipoprotein AI (Apo AI), and the results of a questionnaire (Mm-MAST) designed to measure the attitude towards alcohol consumption were determined in a population of healthy men aged 48 years. Apo AI (r = 0,27) and GT (r = 0,31) were correlated (p < 0·001) to the questionnaire score to a similar degree while the correlation between HDL-cholesterol and the questionnaire score was (r = 0,18), somewhat less good but statistically significant (p < 0·01). There was no correlation between GT and HDL-cholesterol or Apo AI.Heavy alcohol consumption in chronic alcoholics is associated with increased levels of high density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma. 1 -3 In these chronic alcoholics plasma HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI (Apo AI) concentrations were elevated as frequently as gamma-glutamyltransferase (GT)3 and it was suggested that HDL-cholesterol or Apo AI might be used as indicators of heavy alcohol consumption in the same way as GT.4-8 Questionnaires have also been used in screening for alcoholism in various populations.PrP'To test the possible value of HDL-cholesterol and Apo AI as markers of alcohol consumption in a population of healthy men in contrast to one group of chronic alcoholics-we have determined HDLcholesterol, Apo AI, GT as well as total cholesterol and triglycerides and correlated these variables to one another and to the number of yes-answers obtained on a questionnaire (Mm-MAST) designed to measure the attitude to alcohol.P Materials and methodsThree hundred men aged 48 years were investigated. All were subjectively healthy and had accepted an invitation to a general medical screening investigation free of charge. The details of this health survey have been given." In conjunction with the screening Table 1 The Malmo modification of the Michigan alcoholism screening test (Mm-MAST)t Do you take a drink before going to a party? 2 Do you usually drink a bottle of wine or corresponding amounts of alcohol over the week-end? 3 Do you drink a couple of drinks (or beers) a day to relax? 4 Do you tolerate more alcohol now than you did ten years ago? 5 Have you difficulties not drinking more than your friends? 6 Do you fall asleep after moderate drinking without knowing how you got to bed ? 7 Do you have a bad conscience after drinking?B Do you take a drink (a beer) the day after a party? 9 Do you try to avoid alcoholic beverage for a determined period of time. eg, a week?investigation all individuals answered an extensive questionnaire of 260 questions, including nine questions about drinking habits (Mm-MAST).13 These questions are listed in Table 1. Fasting blood samples were obtained in the morning. Serum was obtained by centrifugation. GT,14 triglyceride.P total cholesterol,16 and HDL-cholestero1 3 were determined within 48 hours and the samples were kept at +4°C until analysed. Apo AI was determined by electroimmunoassay on...

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“…Eine Reihe von Autoren fand bei chronischen Alkoholikern (7,9,10) und Freiwilligen, die kontinuierlich größere Alkoholmengen konsumierten (8,11,12), erhöhte HDL-Cholesterin-Konzentrationen im Plasma. In epidemiologischen Studien wurde eine negative Korrelation zwischen HDL-Cholesterin und koronarer Herzkrankheit gefunden (13) und dem HDL-Cholesterin eine antiatherogene Potenz zugeschrieben (14).…”

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Serumlipide von Alkoholikern vor und nach Abstinenz Bedeutung für das „Koronarrisiko”

Clemens¹,

Schied²,

Waller³

1986

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Zusammenfassung: An 23 chronischen Alkoholikern wurde ein differenzierter Lipoproteinstatus bei der Aufnahme zur Entzugsbehandlung und nach 4-wöchiger Abstinenz erhoben. Neben den Cholesterin-und Triglycerid-Konzentrationen im Serum wurden mit Hilfe einer quantitativen Lipoprotein-Elektrophorese die HDL-, LDL-und VLDL-Cholesterin-Konzentrationen bestimmt. Auf Grund dieser Ergebnisse wurde das Risiko dieser Patientengruppe eingeschätzt, eine koronare Herzkrankheit zu entwickeln. Die Hälfte der Alkoholiker hatte eine Lipoprotein-Konstellation, die für ein "hohes" oder "erhöhtes Koronarrisiko" sprach. Dies war besonders auf erhöhte LDL^Cholesterin-Konzentrationen zurückzuführen. Durch den Alkoholenzug sank die HDL-Cholesterin-Konzentration signifikant ab, die LDL-Cholesterin-Konzentration blieb unverän-dert hoch. Dadurch nahm die Anzahl der Alkoholiker mit "erhöhtem Koronarrisiko" deutlich zu. Serum lipids of alcoholics before and öfter withdrawal. Importance for coronary riskSümmary: Cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins were studied in 23 alcoholics on admission for withdrawal therapy and after 4 weeks of abstinence. Lipoproteins were estimated quantitatively by lipoprotein electrophoresis. The results were used for the prediction of the risk of coronary heart disease. Half of the alcoholics had "high" or "elevated coronary risk" on admission for withdrawal. Abstinence resulted in decreased HDL-chplesterol concentrations in serum. Concurrently, the number of alcoholics with elevated coronary risk increased. This was mainly cäüsed by high LDL-cholesterol levels on admission and after abstinence. Einführunggen wurde festgestellt, daß chronischer AlkoholabuUmfangreiche Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, daß sus zu keiner Erhöhung des Cholesterins im Plasma Alkoholkonsum eine direkte Wirkung auf die Kon-führt (4-7). Triglyceride im Plasma können zwar zentration der Plasmalipide hat (1). Schon lange ist durch eine akute Alkoholbelastung ansteigen; sie norbekannt, daß die Aufnahme einer größeren Menge malisieren sich jedoch wieder, wenn der Alkoholkonan Alkohol zu einer transitorischen Hyperlipidämie sum kontinuierlich fortgesetzt wird (8). Weder bei führen kann (2, 3). In einer Reihe von Untersuchun-chronischen Alkoholikern (7,9), noch in einer großen

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Changes in plasma high density lipoproteins in chronic male alcoholics during and after abuse

Cited by 145 publications

References 30 publications

Opposite Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein and Phospholipid Transfer Protein on the Size Distribution of Plasma High Density Lipoproteins

Opposite Effects of Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein and Phospholipid Transfer Protein on the Size Distribution of Plasma High Density Lipoproteins

Correlations of Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins with Gamma-Glutamyltransferase and Attitude to Alcohol Consumption

Serumlipide von Alkoholikern vor und nach Abstinenz Bedeutung für das „Koronarrisiko”

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