Changes in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations after sequential lunch and dinner in healthy subjects

Maillot, F.; Garrigue, M.A.; Pinault, Michelle; Objois, Martine; Theret, V; Lamisse, F; Hoinard, Claude; Antoine, Jean Michel; Lairon, Denis; Couet, Charles

doi:10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70169-6

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Intestinal lipid absorption has been shown to exhibit diurnal variations in rodents and humans (8,23,118,129,143). Although plasma lipid concentrations are maintained within a narrow physiological range, several factors (e.g., plasma clearance, cholesterol biosynthesis, and hormonal changes) can lead to changes in plasma lipids.…”

Section: Assembly Secretion and Regulation Of Intestinal Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal lipid absorption

Iqbal¹,

Hussain²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

666

484

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Our knowledge of the uptake and transport of dietary fat and fat-soluble vitamins has advanced considerably. Researchers have identified several new mechanisms by which lipids are taken up by enterocytes and packaged as chylomicrons for export into the lymphatic system or clarified the actions of mechanisms previously known to participate in these processes. Fatty acids are taken up by enterocytes involving protein-mediated as well as proteinindependent processes. Net cholesterol uptake depends on the competing activities of NPC1L1, ABCG5, and ABCG8 present in the apical membrane. We have considerably more detailed information about the uptake of products of lipid hydrolysis, the active transport systems by which they reach the endoplasmic reticulum, the mechanisms by which they are resynthesized into neutral lipids and utilized within the endoplasmic reticulum to form lipoproteins, and the mechanisms by which lipoproteins are secreted from the basolateral side of the enterocyte. apoB and MTP are known to be central to the efficient assembly and secretion of lipoproteins. In recent studies, investigators found that cholesterol, phospholipids, and vitamin E can also be secreted from enterocytes as components of high-density apoB-free/apoAI-containing lipoproteins. Several of these advances will probably be investigated further for their potential as targets for the development of drugs that can suppress cholesterol absorption, thereby reducing the risk of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease.intestine; dietary fat; triacylglycerol; cholesterol; phospholipids; fat-soluble vitamins; microsomal triglyceride transfer protein DIETARY FATS CONSIST OF A WIDE ARRAY of polar and nonpolar lipids (32, 33). Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the dominant fat in the diet, contributing 90 -95% of the total energy derived from dietary fat. Dietary fats also include phospholipids (PLs), sterols (e.g., cholesterol), and many other lipids (e.g., fatsoluble vitamins). The predominant PL in the intestinal lumen is phosphatidylcholine (PC), which is derived mostly from bile (10 -20 g/day in humans) but also from the diet (ϳ1-2 g/day). The predominant dietary sterols are cholesterol (mostly of animal origin) and ␤-sitosterol (the major plant sterol). Although ␤-sitosterol accounts for 25% of dietary sterols, it is not absorbed by humans under physiological conditions.Researchers have been investigating the various steps involved in lipid digestion, absorption, and metabolism to identify factors that could serve as targets for the development of drugs capable of reducing the risk of lipid-associated disorders, including dyslipidemias and cardiovascular disease. In so doing, they have explored key aspects of lipid digestion hydrolysis, emulsification, and micelle formation. They have also explored key issues of absorption, e.g., the uptake of the products of lipid hydrolysis by enterocytes (the epithelial cells lining the walls of the intestinal lumen) and their transport to intracellular compartments, where fatty acids and sterols are...

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Section: Assembly Secretion and Regulation Of Intestinal Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal lipid absorption

Iqbal¹,

Hussain²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

666

484

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“…Plasma lipid concentrations are maintained within a narrow range and exhibit circadian rhythmicity in humans and rodents (1)(2)(3)(4). Plasma lipid homeostasis is maintained by balancing lipoprotein production and catabolism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diurnal Regulation of Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein and Plasma Lipid Levels

Pan

Hussain

2007

Journal of Biological Chemistry

131

154

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Plasma lipids are maintained within a narrow physiologic range and exhibit circadian rhythmicity. Plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels were high in the night due to changes in apolipoprotein B-lipoproteins in ad libitum fed rats and mice maintained in a 12-h photoperiod. Absorption of [ 3 H]triolein or [ 3 H]cholesterol was higher at 2400 h than at 1200 h, indicating that intestinal lipoprotein production shows diurnal variation. Moreover, intestinal microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) activity, protein, mRNA, and gene transcription showed diurnal variations and were high at 2400 h. Similar to the small intestine, hepatic MTP activity, protein, and mRNA levels also changed significantly within a day. MTP was induced in fasted animals soon after refeeding. When mice were subjected to restricted feeding, MTP expression was high at the expected time of food availability. In contrast, extended exposures to light and dark completely abolished rhythmicity in MTP expression and plasma lipid levels. These studies show that MTP expression and plasma lipid undergo diurnal regulation and exhibit peaks and nadirs at similar times and suggest that diurnal modulation of MTP is a major determinant of daily changes in plasma lipids. Furthermore, environmental factors, such as food and light, play an important role in MTP regulation.Circadian rhythm is a repetitive occurrence of physiological processes with an approximate interval of 24 h. Several biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes exhibit circadian rhythms. Plasma lipid concentrations are maintained within a narrow range and exhibit circadian rhythmicity in humans and rodents (1-4). Plasma lipid homeostasis is maintained by balancing lipoprotein production and catabolism. Lipoprotein production is critically dependent on apolipoprotein B (apoB) 2 and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) (5-8). ApoB is a structural protein required for the assembly of lipoproteins, whereas MTP is an essential chaperone for their assembly (5, 6, 9). MTP is a heterodimeric protein of 97-and 55-kDa polypeptides mainly present in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes and enterocytes (5,6,8,10). It is crucial for the first step of lipoprotein assembly, because it transfers lipids and binds to apoB (5, 11). Via these mechanisms, MTP is believed to avoid improper folding and premature degradation of apoB. A vital role of MTP in the formation and secretion of apoB is supported by the fact that patients with abetalipoproteinemia, a disorder caused by mutations in the mttp gene that codes for the 97-kDa subunit of MTP, have no apoB in the plasma (12, 13). Molecular identification of MTP as a key chaperone for lipoprotein assembly provided a novel opportunity to determine the mechanisms that control its regulation. Intestinal and liver MTP is regulated by dietary fats (14, 15), hormones such as insulin and leptin, (16), transcription factors such as HNF4 (17-19), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ␣ (20), and development (21-23). In addition, geneti...

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“…This suggests that after the ingestion of fast food for lunch, the exogenous lipoprotein metabolism may not have finished even by the next morning. Dietary fat ingested at lunch has been reported to contribute to post-dinner lipidemia despite the relatively long interval between the 2 meals (7 h) [20]. Because high school pupils and university students have been reported to eat fast food mainly for lunch [8], the subjects took fast food as their lunch in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fast Food Ingestion for Lunch Delays Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Young Women

Kato¹

2017

JFNS

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Abstract:We investigated the effect of fast food on diurnal lipid and carbohydrate profiles in healthy young Japanese women.Eight healthy young women with the apolipoprotein E3/3 phenotype were studied on two occasions in a randomized crossover design. On one occasion, the subjects consumed common foods at breakfast (9:00), lunch (13:00), and dinner (19:00) (C trial). On the other occasion, they consumed common foods at breakfast and dinner, but they consumed fast food (a cheeseburger, fried potatoes, and cola) at lunch (F trial). Blood samples were taken at 9:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, and 19:00, and at 9:00 the next morning. In the C trial, the serum triglyceride (TG) concentration at 19:00 was significantly lower compared with that at 13:00, but in the F trial, it was significantly higher at 15:00, 17:00, and 19:00 compared with that at 13:00. The incremental area under the curve for TG (∆AUC-TG) (13:00 to 9:00 the next morning) in the F trial was significantly larger than that in the C trial. The concentration of fasting remnant lipoprotein-cholesterol (RemL-C) the next morning was positively correlated with ∆AUC-TG (13:00 to 9:00 the next morning). In conclusion, compared with the conventional diet, the intake of fast food at lunch delayed the postprandial TG metabolism and the serum TG concentration did not return to baseline (before lunch) even before dinner in healthy young Japanese women.

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Changes in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations after sequential lunch and dinner in healthy subjects

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Intestinal lipid absorption

Intestinal lipid absorption

Diurnal Regulation of Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein and Plasma Lipid Levels

Fast Food Ingestion for Lunch Delays Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Young Women

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