Changes in protein pattern during different developmental stages of somatic embryos in chickpea

Abstract

Mature embryonic axes were used for chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) regeneration via somatic embryogenesis. Qualitative and quantitative estimation of protein profile during somatic embryogenesis by SDS-PAGE and densitometric analysis showed differential expression of various storage proteins at different stages of somatic embryo development, which was compared with the profile of developing seeds. Total protein content in somatic embryos of chickpea increased from globular stage [2.9 μg mg -1 (f.m.)] to cotyledonary stage [4.8 μg mg -1 (f.m.)] and then started decreasing during onset of maturation and germination [up to 1.5 μg mg -1 (f.m.)]. Differential expression of seed storage proteins, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins and proteins related with stress response were documented at different stages of somatic embryogenesis. Germinating somatic embryos showed degradation products of several seed storage proteins and the appearance of new polypeptides (76.8, 67.6, 49.9 and 34.2 kDa), which were absent during differentiation of somatic embryos. A low molecular mass (17.7 kDa) polypeptide was uniformly present during all stages of somatic embryogenesis and it may belong to a group of stress-related proteins. This study describes the expression of true seed storage proteins like legumin, vicilin, convicilin and their subunits at different stages of somatic embryogenesis, which may serve as excellent markers for embryogenic pathway of regeneration in chickpea.

Cotyledonary somatic embryos of Pinus pinaster Ait. most closely resemble fresh, maturing cotyledonary zygotic embryos: biological, carbohydrate and proteomic analyses

“…The latter has only previously been identified in Pinus strobus (Klimaszewska et al 2004); it is quite similar to 11S legumin-like protein, which is a closely related member (though with a slight difference in size) of the globulin family. In angiosperm species, specific globulin-like proteins have been reported to accumulate in SEs; they include citrin in Citrus sinensis (Koltunow et al 1996) and convicilin in Pisum sativum (Mishra et al 2012). …”

Differential Influence of Growth Regulators during Somatic Embryogenesis of Gynodioecious Papaya Varieties‘CO.7’ and ‘Red Lady

“…Maturation is a crucial step for the success of somatic embryogenesis. Essential processes of this stage include cell expansion, differentiation and accumulation of reserve substances necessary for germination and regeneration of somatic embryos [19]. In the present study, embryogenic calli with globular stage somatic embryos were observed under stereomicroscope after 60-70 days of culturing (Plate.…”

Protein Profile of Tissue Culture of TRI2025 Tea Clone

“…However, a study by Rani et al (2009) reported that protein of about 22 KDa was found in somatic and zygotic embryo stage of peanut. Mishra et al (2012) also reported that in late stage of somatic embryo of chickpea, there was a protein ranged from 22-24 KDa identified as Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) protein, or Legumin β that has a molecular weight of about 20 KDa. There was 37.69 KDa protein found at somatic embryo sample.…”

“…That protein band was also found in embryo of P. taeda (Brownfield et al, 2007) that was later predicted as storage protein. Mishra et al (2012) reported that storage protein in chickpea that was between 34-37 KDa was associated with vicilin minor subunit that appeared at different stages of somatic embryo. However, study by Tonietto et al (2012) reported that a protein of about 37 KDa in somatic embryo of coffee was later identified as Glyceraldehide 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; a kind protein correlated with glycolisis, and also to be involved in plant defence reaction against reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (Hancock et al, 2005).…”