Changes in rat lung structure and composition as a result of subchronic exposure to acrolein☆

Kutzman, Raymond S.; Popenoe, Edwin A.; Schmaeler, M.; Drew, Robert T.

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(85)90163-5

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The increase in rat lung weight suggests hypercellularity due to a chronic inflammatory response, the lung's own repair process, and/or new lung tissue (including fibrosis), which reflected across each of the rodent models as increases in protein, DNA as well as elastin and hydroxyproline (i.e., collagen). Such changes have been reported previously [40,[59][60][61].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…In the current investigation, the WI, LE, and F344 rats exhibited a positive relationship between DL CO and TLC after crocidolite challenge, suggesting that adequate gas exchange was maintained perhaps through hyperinflation or hyperplasia. The rat strains (WI, SD, and LE) demonstrated no alteration in tissue and alveolar space densities along with no change in DNA/dry weight and protein/dry weight, thereby providing indirect evidence that some degree of hyperplastic lung growth contributed to the increased DL CO [40]. An increase in DL CO has also been shown in rats exposed to bleomycin [51], acrolein [30], and volcanic ash [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Elastin was considered to be the insoluble protein remaining after treatment of an aliquot with 0.1 N NaOH at 98 • C for 45 minutes [40,42]. It was dissolved with pancreatic elastase (Sigma, Type III; St. Louis, MO) and compared with a sample of bovine ligamentum nuchae elastin (Sigma) as standard.…”

Section: Hydroxyproline Elastin and Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydroxyproline (OH-Pro) is reported as an index of total collagen content [39,40]. OH-Pro was determined after hydrolysis of the aliquot in 6 N HCl at 105 • C to 110 • C in an evacuated tube for 22 hours and then determined using spectrophotometric techniques (λ max = 553 nm) with the color yield proportional to OH-Pro concentration.…”

Section: Hydroxyproline Elastin and Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of functional, biochemical, and morphometric alterations in the lungs of 4 rat strains and hamsters following repeated intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos

Padilla-Carlin

Costa

2011

Experimental Lung Research

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Four rat strains and hamsters were exposed to 0.7 mg crocidolite asbestos/g lung once/week for 3 weeks by intratracheal instillation (IT). Pulmonary function, biochemistry, and morphometry were evaluated at 3 and 6 months after IT. Each rat strain, but not the hamster, exhibited elevated lung volumes. Quasistatic compliance in rats and hamsters was reduced 15%-40% and 25%-50%, respectively. Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide was elevated in the rats, but in hamsters, it was reduced at both time points. Hydroxyproline was increased in the rat strains but not in hamsters. Lung protein/dry weight was not altered in most of the rat strains and in hamsters at both time points. The linear mean intercept value was increased in Fischer 344 (F344) rats (3 and 6 months) and Long Evans rats (6 months), whereas in hamsters only at 6 months. Surface area was unchanged in both species. Specific density for parenchymal tissue was reduced for F344 rats at both time points, but alveolar density values did not change overall relative to species and time. The correlated functional and morphological changes in the hamster appeared more consistent with human asbestosis. Divergent lung responses in different species and strains should be considered when selecting laboratory animal models for studies related to asbestos exposure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Hydroxyproline Elastin and Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydroxyproline Elastin and Dnamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of functional, biochemical, and morphometric alterations in the lungs of 4 rat strains and hamsters following repeated intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos

Padilla-Carlin

Costa

2011

Experimental Lung Research

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“…A concentration-dependent increase in MUC5AC mRNA expression has been observed following exposure of human airway cells (NCI-H292) to acrolein in vitro (15), suggesting that acrolein has a direct effect on epithelial cells. However, acrolein can also initiate mucus hypersecretion indirectly via acute and chronic inflammation, which is characterized by neutrophils and macrophages (141,142). Neutrophil elastase can induce goblet cell metaplasia and is a potent secretagogue (51).…”

Section: Smoke-induced Mucin Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucin Overproduction in Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease

Hauber

Foley

Hamid

2006

Canadian Respiratory Journal

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H-P Hauber, SC Foley, Q Hamid. Mucin overproduction in chronic inflammatory lung disease. Can Respir J 2006;13(6):327-335.Mucus overproduction and hypersecretion are commonly observed in chronic inflammatory lung disease. Mucins are gel-forming glycoproteins that can be stimulated by a variety of mediators. The present review addresses the mechanisms involved in the upregulation of secreted mucins. Mucin induction by neutrophil elastase, bacteria, cytokines, growth factors, smoke and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator malfunction are also discussed.Key Words: Bacteria; Cytokine; Lung; Mucin; Neutrophil elastase; Overproduction; Smoke La surproduction de mucine dans la pneumopathie inflammatoire chronique La surproduction de mucus et l'hypersécrétion sont courantes en présence d'une pneumopathie inflammatoire chronique. Les mucines sont des glycoprotéines gélifiantes qui peuvent être stimulées par divers médiateurs. La présente analyse traite des mécanismes de régulation positive des mucines sécrétées. Est également exposée l'induction des mucines par l'élastase des neutrophiles, les bactéries, les cytokines, les facteurs de croissance, la fumée et la défaillance du régulateur de conductance transmembraneuse de la fibrose kystique. M ucus is an important component of both the physiological and pathological processes in airways. It protects, moisturizes and lubricates mucosal surfaces, and traps bacteria and other inhaled irritants for removal by mucociliary clearance. However, excessive production of airway mucus is a feature of chronic inflammatory lung diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis (CF). Mucus hypersecretion results from hyperplasia and metaplasia of mucous cells, which lead to greater numbers of these cells being found throughout the airways, including the distal airways, where they are normally absent (1). The presence of neutrophil elastase, certain bacterial pathogens and altered cytokine patterns all contribute to excess airway mucus production. This overproduction and hypersecretion of mucus, in turn, contributes to airway obstruction and impairment of mucociliary clearance.An understanding of the mechanisms that lead to mucus overproduction and secretion is therefore of great clinical interest. The present review provides insight into the mechanisms by which excessive mucus production is stimulated in chronic inflammatory lung disease, focusing mainly on enhanced gene expression and protein production of secretory mucins in the airways. MUCINSMucus is formed within the airways by a polymeric matrix of large, oligomeric, gel-forming glycoproteins, called mucins. These gel-forming mucins are primarily responsible for the rheological properties of airway mucus (2). However, in disease states such as CF and chronic bronchitis, polymeric DNA and filamentous actin, two products of leukocyte lysis, contribute greatly to, and are the principal determinants of, the viscoelastic properties of the purulent sputum...

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Toxicology of Fungicides

Ballantyne¹

2003

Pesticide Toxicology and International Regulation

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Changes in rat lung structure and composition as a result of subchronic exposure to acrolein☆

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

Comparison of functional, biochemical, and morphometric alterations in the lungs of 4 rat strains and hamsters following repeated intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos

Comparison of functional, biochemical, and morphometric alterations in the lungs of 4 rat strains and hamsters following repeated intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos

Mucin Overproduction in Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease

Toxicology of Fungicides

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