Changes in refractive error in patients with accommodative esotropia after being weaned from hyperopic correction

Cho, Yoonae A.; Ryu, Won Yeol

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305991

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The development of myopia and degradation of ocular alignment may be indicators of early emmetropization in patients with FAET. [ 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There has always been a concern regarding striking a balance between achieving bifoveal fixation and avoiding interference with emmetropization by prescribing full hypermetropic refractive correction when treating accommodative ET in young children. The management of accommodative ET includes (1) identifying risk factors for the development of accommodative ET, (2) providing optimal refractive correction without interfering with the process of emmetropization, and (3) weaning of glasses when possible[ 9 10 11 12 ] The current study aims to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome in Omani children with accommodative ET. To our knowledge, no similar study has been conducted in Oman.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accommodative esotropia

Sreelatha

Al-Marshoudi

Mameesh

et al. 2022

Oman Journal of Ophthalmology

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AIM:The aim of this study is to determine the outcome of accommodative esotropia (ET) and influencing factors in young Omani children.SUBJECTS AND METHODS:In this retrospective cohort, children diagnosed with accommodative ET who had followed up in a tertiary hospital from 2006 to 2011 were identified. Parameters studied included cycloplegic refraction and its change with time, ocular alignment, binocularity, visual acuity (VA), amblyopia, and requirement for surgery.RESULTS:A total of 51 patients were identified. Twenty-four patients were diagnosed with fully accommodative ET (FAET) and 27 with partially accommodative ET (PAET). The mean (± standard deviation [SD]) age of onset and reporting were 2.6 (±1.58) and 3.2 (±1.84) years in the two groups, respectively. The mean (SD) cycloplegic refraction at presentation was 4.50 (±1.66) in the FAET group and 3.65 (±1.67) in the PAET group. Anisometropia was present in 28% of patients. The mean follow-up period was 4.9 years. The following were detected in the final visit. A reduction in amblyopia from 43% to 6% of patients, binocularity in 75% of patients, and a mean increase of 0.64 (±1.3) D in cycloplegic refraction from the first visit (P= 0.005). The mean angle of deviation at near and distance was 29.86 (±15.21) and 17.80 (±10.14) prism diopters, respectively, in FAET patients and 30.15 (±14.83) and 29.53 (±15.53), respectively, in PAET patients. Thirty-seven percent of the PAET patients underwent surgery within 5 years from diagnosis. All participants in this cohort continued to wear glasses in the last follow-up visit.CONCLUSION:Most children with refractive accommodative ET have an excellent outcome in terms of VA and binocular vision. The PAET group was characterized by delayed reporting, the presence of anisometropia, and lower hypermetropia. Further study is required to determine the possibility of weaning glasses in FAET patients.

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“…The development of myopia and degradation of ocular alignment may be indicators of early emmetropization in patients with FAET. [ 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accommodative esotropia

Sreelatha

Al-Marshoudi

Mameesh

et al. 2022

Oman Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…The results showed that most eyes were in a mild overcorrection state in the earlier postoperative stage (about 1 week) but the overcorrection subsided at 1 month and stabilized thereafter. This may have occurred because the hyperopic astigmatic eye may have over-accommodated for a long period [ 21 , 22 ]. Although this surgery corrected the refractive error, the over-accommodation continued during the early stage after surgery and patients need more time to adapt to the new refractive state; and as time passed, the accommodation relaxed and overcorrection disappeared gradually [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) combined with allogeneic intrastromal lenticule inlay for hyperopia with astigmatism

Zhang

Zhou

2021

PLoS ONE

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Purpose To quantitatively evaluate outcomes after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) combined with allogeneic intrastromal lenticule inlay for hyperopia with astigmatism. Methods It’s a retrospective cohort study. Twenty-four eyes of 15 patients with more than 0.75 diopters (D) of astigmatism in hyperopic eyes were enrolled in this study. The hyperopic eye with astigmatism was first treated with SMILE to correct astigmatism; then a lenticule was extracted from a donor myopic eye and subsequently implanted into the hyperopic eye with astigmatism. Patients were examined preoperatively and 1 day, 1 week, 1,3 months and 1 year after surgery. The main outcome measures were the uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity (UDVA and CDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), spherical equivalent (SE), corneal topography, anterior segment optical coherence topography (OCT) and ocular response analyzer (ORA) parameters: corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF). Repeated–measures analyses of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc tests were used to analyze data of different follow-up visits. Results The mean preoperative cylinder was 1.95±1.04(D). The UDVA (from 0.37±0.23 to 0.09±0.09), UNVA (from 0.49±0.21 to 0.08±0.06), SE (from +7.42±3.12 to -0.75±0.79) and astigmatism (+1.95±1.04 to -0.65±0.63) postoperatively were obviously better than those before surgery. Five eyes (26.3%) gained one line of CDVA, and 3 eyes (15.8%) gained two lines of CDVA one year after surgery compared with preoperative levels. The average corneal curvature was changed from (43.19±4.37) D to (49.19±3.87) D one year after surgery. The anterior segment OCT images of corneas with lenticule inlays at each follow-up visit showed that the implanted lenticule was shaped like a crescent in the corneal stroma. The CH and CRF didn’t change significantly after surgery (p = 0.189 and p = 0.107respectively). Conclusions SMILE combined with intrastromal lenticule inlay can be used to correct high hyperopia with astigmatism with good safety, efficacy and reproducibility.

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“…This differs from the pattern in the general hyperopia population. [5,7,8] Furthermore, the incidence of hyperopia in patients with esotropia is larger than that in the normal population. RAE is associated with hyperopia, [9,10] and the refractive error generally ranges from 2 to 6 diopters (D).…”

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confidence: 99%

Treatment of Younger Patients with Accommodative Esotropia

liu

Chen

Ma³

2019

Preprint

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Background: Accommodative esotropia (AET) is a common disease during childhood. In this literature review, we analyze and discuss the different methods of treatment for Accommodative esotropia. Methods: Articles about accommodative esotropia from 2007 to 2017 were retrieved from the PubMed database. We study the articles by title/abstract/all fields, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally 9 articles were retained. We compared the effectiveness between these approaches to treatment. Results: All the refraction methods had an effectivity rate of > 50%. The bifocal lenses group showed a higher failure rate (15.58%) than the single-vision lenses group (5.19%). Extraocular muscle surgery can significantly decrease deviation in patients who have AET with a high AC/A ratio (95.24%,71.30%,78.40%). After Botulinum toxin injection, the residual deviation was significantly lower than that before the injection (90.44%) and this rate held stable until 12 months after the injection (85.71%) and then decreased to 71.43% at 18 months. The effectivity rate in the prism builders group (surgery with prism group) was significantly higher than that in the prism non-builders group 100% vs. 56.25%). In this review, the average rate of Amblyopia in the accommodative esotropia patient is 41.36%. Conclusions：All the treatment were full or partly effective for accommodative esotropia patients. Early intervention using effective methods of treatment can improve accommodative esotropia patients’ alignment and improve their quality of life. Amblyopia is common in patients with partly accommodative esotropia. Keyword: Accommodative esotropia, Treatment, High AC/A ( accommodative convergence to accommodation ratio ), Amblyopia.

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Changes in refractive error in patients with accommodative esotropia after being weaned from hyperopic correction

Abstract: When emmetropisation occurs early in patients with AET, it is necessary to note the development of myopia and the deterioration of ocular alignment.

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Accommodative esotropia

Accommodative esotropia

Small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) combined with allogeneic intrastromal lenticule inlay for hyperopia with astigmatism

Treatment of Younger Patients with Accommodative Esotropia

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