Changes in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Are Associated With Endothelial Dysfunction Markers in Cocaine-Dependent Patients Under Recent Abstinence

Massardo, Teresa; Quintana, Juan Carlos López; Jaimovich, Rodrigo; Sáez, Claudia G.; Cabreras, Manuel; Pereira-Flores, Karla; Ibáñez, Carlos Usabiaga; Pallavicini, Julio; Veliz, Jonathan; Mezzano, Diego; Pereira, Jaime

doi:10.1097/adm.0000000000000109

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Compared to healthy controls, cocaine-dependent individuals show twice the rate of brain volume reduction a year, especially of the prefrontal and temporal regions [9]; in methamphetamine users the rate of decline in grey matter is 6.4–8.5% a year in the frontal, temporal, insula and occipital cortices [51]. Cannabis is associated with reduced hippocampus volume [52], Cocaine [53], methamphetamine [54], and heroin [55] addicted-individuals show intra- and extra-cranial artery dysfunction. Pathologies commonly observed in the brain of aged individuals (e.g., primary age-related taupathy) indeed appear earlier in drug addicted individuals as compared to non-addicted individuals.…”

Section: Organ System Injury and Advanced Clinical Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Is biological aging accelerated in drug addiction?

Bachi

Sierra

Volkow

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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Drug-addiction may trigger early onset of age-related disease, due to drug-induced multi-system toxicity and perilous lifestyle, which remains mostly undetected and untreated. We present the literature on pathophysiological processes that may hasten aging and its relevance to addiction, including: oxidative stress and cellular aging, inflammation in periphery and brain, decline in brain volume and function, and early onset of cardiac, cerebrovascular, kidney, and liver disease. Timely detection of accelerated aging in addiction is crucial for the prevention of premature morbidity and mortality.

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Section: Organ System Injury and Advanced Clinical Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Is biological aging accelerated in drug addiction?

Bachi

Sierra

Volkow

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

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“…NO, produced by nitric oxide synthase (NOS), relaxes blood vessel wall smooth muscle cells, resulting in vasodilation. Cocaine has been reported to cause vascular endothelial cell dysfunction [10, 11] and interfere with the synthesis and/or release of NO [12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic cocaine induces HIF-VEGF pathway activation along with angiogenesis in the brain

et al. 2017

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Cocaine induces vasoconstriction in cerebral vessels, which with repeated use can result in transient ischemic attacks and cerebral strokes. However, the neuroadaptations that follow cocaine’s vasoconstricting effects are not well understood. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic cocaine exposure (2 and 4 weeks) on markers of vascular function and morphology in the rat brain. For this purpose we measured nitric oxide (NO) concentration in plasma, brain neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS or NOS1), HIF-1α, and VEGF expression in different brain regions, i.e., middle prefrontal cortex, somatosensory cortex, nucleus accumbens, and dorsal striatum, using ELISA or Western blot. Additionally, microvascular density in these brain regions was measured using immunofluorescence microscopy. We showed that chronic cocaine significantly affected NOS1, HIF-1α and VEGF expression, in a region- and cocaine treatment-time- dependent manner. Cerebral microvascular density increased significantly in parallel to these neurochemical changes. Furthermore, significant correlations were detected between VEGF expression and microvascular density in cortical regions (middle prefrontal cortex and somatosensory cortex), but not in striatal regions (nucleus accumbens and dorsal striatum). These results suggest that following chronic cocaine use, as cerebral ischemia developed, NOS1, the regulatory protein to counteract blood vessel constriction, was upregulated; meanwhile, the HIF-VEGF pathway was activated to increase microvascular density (i.e., angiogenesis) and thus restore local blood flow and oxygen supply. These physiological responses were triggered presumably as an adaptation to minimize ischemic injury caused by cocaine. Therefore, effectively promoting such physiological responses may provide novel and effective therapeutic solutions to treat cocaine-induced cerebral ischemia and stroke.

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“…Para las CEC se usaron tubos de 5 ml con anticoagulante EDTA; para los marcadores solubles, sangre anticoagulada con citrato de sodio al 3.2%. La enumeración de CEC se realizó mediante captura de éstas con inmunoesferas magnéticas cubiertas con anticuerpo anti-CD146 y microscopía de fluorescencia según protocolo del laboratorio previamente descrito 5 . Los niveles de sVCAM, sICAM y FvW se determinaron mediante ELISA (Bender Med Systems).…”

Section: Materials Y Métodosunclassified

“…Recientemente, se ha descrito que la resincronización cardíaca se asocia a mejoría de la DE estudiada mediante vasodilatación mediada por flujo utilizando técnica ecográfica con compresión de arteria braquial, sin embargo, no se han evaluado marcadores circulantes de DE 3 . Entre estos, las células endoteliales circulantes (CEC) han mostrado ser un marcador sensible y específico en patologías inflamatorias asociadas a daño vascular tipo vasculitis 4 , usuarios de cocaína 5,6 y depresión mayor 7,8 . Por otra parte, el péptido natriurético cerebral (pro-BNP) ha sido utilizado para evaluar la ICC en distintas condiciones y es interesante conocer su comportamiento con relación a la terapia de resincronización ventricular (TRV) 9, 10 y asociación con la DE.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efecto de la terapia de resincronización ventricular en los parámetros de disfunción endotelial y función sistólica izquierda en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica y bloqueo completo de rama izquierda

et al. 2018

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Changes in Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Are Associated With Endothelial Dysfunction Markers in Cocaine-Dependent Patients Under Recent Abstinence

Abstract: We demonstrated an association between systemic ED markers and rCBF in cocaine-dependent patients. These findings suggest that vascular injury may play a role in the pathogenesis of abnormal rCBF.

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Is biological aging accelerated in drug addiction?

Is biological aging accelerated in drug addiction?

Chronic cocaine induces HIF-VEGF pathway activation along with angiogenesis in the brain

Efecto de la terapia de resincronización ventricular en los parámetros de disfunción endotelial y función sistólica izquierda en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca crónica y bloqueo completo de rama izquierda

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