Changes in Respiration and Heart Rates, Body Temperatures, Plasma Lactic Acid Levels and Plasma Creatinine Levels Caused by Stress in Dairy Cattle

Graf, G.C.; Petersen, W. E.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(53)91595-1

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Little change was seen in either the heart or respiration rates during the immediate preparturient period, although Blaxter and Price ( 1945) and Graf and Petersen (1953) reported slight and sometimes variable long-term increases in these towards the end of pregnancy. Benesch and Wright (1951) stated that there may be an acceleration in each during cervical dilatation, and while this was subsequently confirmed, noticeable changes were too late to be of any real assistance in the early diagnosis of parturition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Determination of the Onset of Parturition in Hereford Cattle

Dufaty

1971

Aust Veterinary J

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Vaginal SecretionsThese were aspirated with a pipette, and the approximate volume, consistency, clarity and colour were recorded. Relaxation of rhe Sacro-sciatic LigamentsPreliminary observations indicated that in most plurigravid cattle and fatter primigravida the position of the posterior border, and the degree of relaxation of the sacro-sciatic ligaments, could not be accurately defined by external palpation alone. As a result, a combination

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Determination of the Onset of Parturition in Hereford Cattle

Dufaty

1971

Aust Veterinary J

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“…For this reason, different ways to evaluate and anticipate the moment of parturition have been studied for years, including the development of various technologies [9]. Body temperature and IVT decreases have already been described in the scientific literature [22][23][24][25]27,28,40]. Temperatures measured continuously by data logging thermometers were on average 0.5 °C lower at parturition than when measured 48 h before delivery, in both dairy and beef cows [25,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the temperature cut-off point by a commercial intravaginal device to predict parturition in Piedmontese beef cows

et al. 2018

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Dystocic parturitions have an adverse impact on animal productivity and therefore the profitability of the farm. In this regard, accurate prediction of calving is essential since it allows for efficient and prompt assistance of the dam and the calf. Numerous approaches to predict parturition have been studied, among these, measurement of intravaginal temperature (IVT) is the most effective method at the field level. Thus, objectives of this experiment were, 1) to find an IVT cut-off to predict calving within 24 h, and 2) to clarify the use of IVT as an automated method of calving detection in housed beef cows. A commercial intravaginal electronic device (Medria Vel'Phone) with a sensor that measures the IVT every 12 h was used. Piedmontese cows (n = 211; 27 primiparous and 184 multiparous) were included in this study. One-way analysis of variance was used to assess the temperature differences at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h before parturition. Receiving operator characteristic curves were built to determine the temperature cut-off which predicts calving within 24 h with the highest summation of sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp). Binomial logistic regression models were computed to identify factors that may affect the IVT before calving. Mean gestation length was 291.5 ± 13.7 d (primiparous, 292 ± 14.1 d; multiparous, 289 ± 9.2 d). A decrease (P < 0.001) in the average IVT was found from 60 h before calving until the expulsion of the IVT device. A significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the IVT was noticeable from 24 h before until parturition. The IVT drop to predict parturition 24 h before calving was 0.21 °C (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72; Se = 66%, Sp = 76%). Furthermore, the IVT cut-off value to predict parturition within 24 h was 38.2 °C (AUC = 0.89; Se = 86%, Sp = 91%). None of the evaluated fixed effects (parity, dystocia, season or length of gestation) affected (P ˃ 0.05) the IVT variation from 60 h before and up to calving. To conclude, the IVT average seems to be a better parameter than the drop in temperature to predict parturition within 24 h. In this regard, a cut-off of 38.2 °C showed a high Se and Sp for predicting calving. This study demonstrates the usefulness of a commercially available device to predict calving to improve management in stabled beef farms.

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“…Heart Rate Variability. Heart rate (HR) was used in early studies of stress in humans (Lazarus et al, 1963) and animals, including work on cows examining the effects of heat stress, dehorning, and electric shocks published in the 1950s (Graf and Petersen, 1953;Bianca, 1958). These intuitively negative events were associated with a rise in HR but so was any increase in physical activity (Graf and Petersen, 1953).…”

Section: Physiological Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symposium review: Scientific assessment of affective states in dairy cattle

Ede

Lecorps

Keyserlingk

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Affective states, which refer to feelings or emotions, are a key component of animal welfare, but these are also difficult to assess. Drawing upon a body of theoretical and applied work, we critically review the scientific literature on the assessment of affective states in animals, drawing examples where possible from research on dairy cattle, and highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of scientific methods used to assess affective states in animals. We adopt the "valence/arousal" framework, describing affect as a 2-dimensional space (with valence referring to whether an experience is positive or negative, and arousal referring to the intensity of the experience). We conclude that spontaneous physiological and behavioral responses typically reflect arousal, whereas learned responses can be valuable when investigating valence. We also conclude that the assessment of affective states can be furthered using mood assessments and that the use of drug treatments with known emotional effects in humans can be helpful in the assessment of specific affective states in animals.

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Changes in Respiration and Heart Rates, Body Temperatures, Plasma Lactic Acid Levels and Plasma Creatinine Levels Caused by Stress in Dairy Cattle

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Determination of the Onset of Parturition in Hereford Cattle

Determination of the Onset of Parturition in Hereford Cattle

Assessment of the temperature cut-off point by a commercial intravaginal device to predict parturition in Piedmontese beef cows

Symposium review: Scientific assessment of affective states in dairy cattle

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