Changes in Root Anatomy of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Different Durations of Early Season Drought

Thangthong, Nuengsap; Jogloy, Sanun; Punjansing, Tasanai; Kvien, C. K.; Kesmala, Thawan; Vorasoot, Nimitr

doi:10.3390/agronomy9050215

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Xylem vessel radius in particular has been observed to be highly plastic under water-deficit conditions in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), and rice (Oryza sativa L.) (Han et al, 2018;Henry et al, 2012). In peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), Thangthong et al (2019) suggested that reduction in vessel sectional area in response to water-deficit stress was due to a diminished plant growth, and this was the main factor affecting hydraulic conductance. In maize, Hazman and Kabil (2022) found that the root xylem vessels under drought were 25% smaller in size than under well-watered conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydraulic conductance and xylem vessel diameter of young maize roots subjected to sustained water‐deficit

Jafarikouhini

Sinclair

2023

Crop Science

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Water deficit can have large impacts on plants, including likely alteration of root hydraulic conductance and root xylem vessel diameter, which can decrease crop productivity. No results, however, exist to assess possible linkages between these two variables as critical components contributing to plant water status. This linkage was investigated in three maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars. A stable water‐deficit treatment was established and maintained in pots by allowing soil drying to the point where transpiration rate was held constant at about 0.5 of well‐watered pots. Initially, the root hydraulic conductance of the water‐deficit plants was equivalent to that of well‐watered plants. Subsequently, however, hydraulic conductance decreased substantially. The results for xylem vessel diameter at 5 cm from the root tip exhibited a pattern similar to the decrease in root hydraulic conductance. A graph of root hydraulic conductance versus xylem vessel diameter at 5 cm showed a curvilinear response with lessening in the increase in hydraulic conductance with increasing xylem vessel diameter. The results indicate a possible link between root conductance and xylem diameter but the conductance is much less sensitive to vessel diameter than the fourth power of the radius predicted by Poiseuille's law. The association between conductance and xylem vessel diameter may reflect interaction of radial and axial water flux through the root system as indexed by vessel radius in the zone near the root tip.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water supply to the shoot of the plant depends directly on the hydraulic conductance in the root (Thangthong et al., 2019). In maize, Choudhary et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic conductance and xylem vessel diameter of young maize roots subjected to sustained water‐deficit

Jafarikouhini

Sinclair

2023

Crop Science

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“…Reduced stomatal length and width in comparison to controlled grown plants were also observed in all the studied Elymus species and wheat cultivars. This may be regarded as a dehydration avoidance mechanism for sustaining proper water status and reducing water loss under water deficit conditions (Xu and Zhou, 2008 ; Thangthong et al, 2019 ). Our findings are in general agreement with those previously reported by Wang et al ( 2011 ), Selim and El-Nady ( 2011 ), Petrov et al ( 2018 ), Arantes et al ( 2020 ), Chartzoulakis et al ( 2002 ), and Bosabalidis and Kofidis ( 2002 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting the drought tolerance of wild Elymus species for bread wheat improvement

et al. 2022

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Crop wild resources are excellent sources of new genetic variation for resilience against climate extremes. However, detailed characterization of the desirable phenotypes is essential before using these crop wild resources in breeding programs. This current study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the water stress responses of eight wild Elymus species and two wheat cultivars. The experiment was carried out under varying levels of osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol and progressive water stress through different field capacities. Water stress significantly reduced both physiological and biochemical traits compared to control, ranging from 7.1% (protein content) to 34.5% (chlorophyll) under moderate stress and 9.1–45.8% under severe stress. The anatomical features were also affected under progressive water stress, including a reduction in xylem vessel diameter (7.92 and 16.50%), phloem length (4.36 and 7.18%), vascular bundle length (3.09 and 6.04%), and ground tissue thickness (2.36 and 5.52%), respectively. Conclusively, Elymus borianus (endemic to Swat, Pakistan), E. russelli, E. caninus, E. longioristatus, and E. dauhuricus outperformed the check wheat cultivar, Pirsabak 2005, which is a rainfed variety. The results revealed that Elymus species belonging to the tertiary gene pool of bread wheat could be an excellent drought tolerance source for use in a breeding program.

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“…But as this demand is restricted by the size of the vessels, a reduction in the RVE diameter appears to be a good alternative for the reduction of the effects of this stress. Thangthong et al [ 52 ] showed that plants under water stress have xylemic vessels of a smaller diameter and area. A reduction in the diameter of the xylemic vessels reduces the response to the high negative pressure generated by the transpiration of the leaves [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho-Anatomical and Physiological Responses Can Predict the Ideal Period for the Transplantation of Hydroponic Seedlings of Hymenaea courbaril, a Neotropical Fruit Tree

Sousa

Bessa

Silva

et al. 2020

Plants

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Hydroponics is an excellent alternative approach for the production of seedlings, given the growing demand for fruiting trees for the reforestation or recuperation of degraded natural landscapes. In most cases, however, little is known about the optimal period for the maintenance of the seedling in the hydroponic system. Given this, we decided to investigate the hypothesis that morpho-anatomical and physiological alterations can be used to predict the optimal timing for the transplantation of the seedlings to the soil substrate, thereby guaranteeing the most cost-effective application of the hydroponic system. We selected Hymenaea courbaril L., an important Neotropical fruit tree, as the model for this study. We cultivated H. courbaril seedlings in a static hydroponic system and evaluated morpho-anatomical, physiological, and growth parameters over the course of seedling development (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days after transplantation; DAT). We observed an interesting relationship between the increase in the density (SD) and conductance (gsw) of the stomata up to 120 DAT, which reflected higher rates of photosynthesis (A), but also a reduced efficiency in the use of water. In the subsequent intervals, the SD of the plants and the diameter of the radicular xylemic vessels elements (RVE) decreased, in an attempt to increase the efficiency of the use of this resource. We also observed an increase in the thickness of the palisade parenchyma (PP) prior to 120 DAT, which did not reflect a general increase in the thickness of the mesophyll, indicating an adjustment in the thickness of the spongiform parenchyma (SP). We also observed a progressive increase in photosynthetic efficiency up to 120 DAT, based on parameters such as the absorption flux energy per active reaction center (ABS/RC) and the photosynthetic performance index (PIABS), but after this period these indices decreased progressively. However, as the PIABS is an indicator of the plant’s tolerance, its decline was associated with an increase in the dissipation of energy (DI0/RC), which indicates that, after 120 DAT, the plant pots may become a stress factor that limit the growth of H. courbaril seedlings. The results of the present study indicate conclusively that a 120-day period is the optimum for the maintenance of the H. courbaril seedlings in the hydroponic system, and also confirm the hypothesis that the morpho-anatomical and physiological responses observed in the plants can be used to predict the ideal period for the transplantation of the seedlings, contributing to a reduction in production time of the hydroponic system.

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Changes in Root Anatomy of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Different Durations of Early Season Drought

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Hydraulic conductance and xylem vessel diameter of young maize roots subjected to sustained water‐deficit

Hydraulic conductance and xylem vessel diameter of young maize roots subjected to sustained water‐deficit

Exploiting the drought tolerance of wild Elymus species for bread wheat improvement

Morpho-Anatomical and Physiological Responses Can Predict the Ideal Period for the Transplantation of Hydroponic Seedlings of Hymenaea courbaril, a Neotropical Fruit Tree

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