Changes in Rumen Microbial Profiles and Subcutaneous Fat Composition When Feeding Extruded Flaxseed Mixed With or Before Hay

Petri, Renée M.; Vahmani, Payam; Yang, Hee Eun; Dugan, M. E. R.; McAllister, Tim A.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01055

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This result confirmed the ability of CPSC to reduce the extent of C18:3 cis-9 cis-12 cis-15 biohydrogenation and suggests a specific effect of this by-product on the microbiota involved in the cited process. In this sense, among the bacterial taxa described in literature playing a role in the main biohydrogenation pathways for linolenic acid [41], in the current study, genera Ruminococcus appeared less prevalent in CPSC diets, suggesting its role in the observed changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Effect of Feeding Cold-Pressed Sunflower Cake on Ruminal Fermentation, Lipid Metabolism and Bacterial Community in Dairy Cows

Zubiria

García-Rodriguez

Atxaerandio

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple SummaryThe use of cold-pressed sunflower cake, a by-product of small-scale biodiesel manufacturing, as a substitute for prilled palm fat in dairy cows’ diet, can reduce the extent of unsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation This favors an accumulation of vaccenic acid in the rumen concomitant with a greater daily duodenal microbial N flow and all without impairing ruminal fermentation, microbial diversity or abundance of dominant populations. In the present study, only changes in relative abundances of less-representative genera were induced.AbstractCold-pressed sunflower cake (CPSC), by-product of oil-manufacturing, has high crude fat and linoleic acid concentrations, being a promising supplement to modulate rumen fatty acid (FA) profile. This trial studied CPSC effects on ruminal fermentation, biohydrogenation and the bacterial community in dairy cows. Ten cows were used in a crossover design with two experimental diets and fed during two 63-day periods. The cows were group fed forage ad libitum and the concentrate individually. The concentrates, control and CPSC, were isoenergetic, isoproteic and isofat. The ruminal samples collected at the end of each experimental period were analyzed for short-chain fatty acid, FA and DNA sequencing. CPSC decreased butyrate molar proportion (4%, p = 0.005). CPSC decreased C16:0 (28%, p < 0.001) and increased C18:0 (14%, p < 0.001) and total monounsaturated FA, especially C18:1 trans-11 (13%, p = 0.023). The total purine derivative excretion tended to be greater (5%, p = 0.05) with CPSC, resulting in a 6% greater daily microbial N flow. CPSC did not affect the diversity indices but increased the relative abundances of Treponema and Coprococcus, and decreased Enterococcus, Ruminococcus and Succinivibrio. In conclusion, the changes in ruminal fermentation and the FA profile were not associated with changes in microbial diversity or abundance of dominant populations, however, they might be associated with less abundant genera.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Effect of Feeding Cold-Pressed Sunflower Cake on Ruminal Fermentation, Lipid Metabolism and Bacterial Community in Dairy Cows

Zubiria

García-Rodriguez

Atxaerandio

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…The relative abundance of Succiniclasticum showed a positive linear association with intramuscular fat content (Table 1) but was not associated with breed composition. Petri et al (2018) found that Succiniclasticum was increased in the rumen when cows were fed with high concentration diet and were positively correlated with fatty acid profiles in subcutaneous fat. Therefore, these bacteria likely contribute to animal growth and fat deposition but are not directly associated with breed composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Animal Breed Composition Is Associated With the Hindgut Microbiota Structure and β-Lactam Resistance in the Multibreed Angus-Brahman Herd

et al. 2019

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Antibiotics have been widely used in livestock to treat and prevent bacterial diseases. However, use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms (ARMs) in food animals. Due to the decreased efficacy of antibiotics, alternatives to antibiotics that can reduce infectious diseases in food animals to enhance animal health and growth performance are urgently required. Here, we show that animal genetics is associated with the hindgut microbiome, which is related to fat deposition and beta-lactam resistance in the gastrointestinal tract. We investigated the hindgut microbiota structure in 95 postweaning heifers belonging to the unique multibreed Angus-Brahman herd with breed composition ranging from 100% Angus to 100% Brahman. The hindgut microbial composition of postweaning heifers differed among breed groups. The mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia known for promoting energy expenditure was enriched in Brahman calves that contained less intramuscular fat content, while butyrate-producing bacterium Faecalibacterium was linearly positively correlated with Angus proportion. Moreover, the higher relative abundance of beta-lactam resistant genes including ampC gene and arcA gene was associated with the greater Brahman proportion. As the first study aimed at understanding changes in hindgut microbiota among beef cattle with linear gradient of breed composition and its association with marbling in meat, our results suggest that the effects of animal genetics on the gut microbiota structure is associated with fat deposition and potentially a factor affecting the gut antimicrobial resistance.

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“…Further studies are needed to confirm the function of FA hydrogentaion of these bacteria. At family level, Acidaminococcaceae is also involved in the hydrogenation of C18:3n-3 [36]. Veillonellaceae become the most important ruminal bacteria in goats fed a diet supplemented with linseed oil [37], suggesting that they also play an important role in the hydrogenation of dietary C18: 3n-3, perhaps because they can provide hydrogen and energy [38].…”

Section: Mixed Oil Decreases the Hydrogenation Of Dietary C18:3n-3 Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palm oil protects α-linolenic acid from rumen biohydrogenation and muscle oxidation in cashmere goat kids

Wang

Martin

Wen

et al. 2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background In ruminants, dietary C18:3n-3 can be lost through biohydrogenation in the rumen; and C18:3n-3 that by-passes the rumen still can be lost through oxidation in muscle, theoretically reducing the deposition of C18:3n-3, the substrate for synthesis of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) in muscle. In vitro studies have shown that rumen hydrogenation of C18:3n-3 is reduced by supplementation with palm oil (rich in cis-9 C18:1). In addition, in hepatocytes, studies with neonatal rats have shown that cis-9 C18:1 inhibits the oxidation of C18:3n-3. It therefore seems likely that palm oil could reduce both rumen biohydrogenation of C18:3n-3 and muscle oxidation of C18:3n-3. The present experiment tested whether the addition of palm oil to a linseed oil supplement for goat kids would prevent the losses of C18:3n-3 and thus improve the FA composition in two muscles, Longissimus dorsi and Biceps femoris. To investigate the processes involved, we studied the rumen bacterial communities and measured the mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in Longissimus dorsi. Sixty 4-month-old castrated male Albas white cashmere kids were randomly allocated among three dietary treatments. All three diets contained the same ingredients in the same proportions, but differed in their fat additives: palm oil (PMO), linseed oil (LSO) or mixed oil (MIX; 2 parts linseed oil plus 1 part palm oil on a weight basis). Results Compared with the LSO diet, the MIX diet decreased the relative abuandance of Pseudobutyrivibrio, a bacterial species that is positively related to the proportional loss rate of dietary C18:3n-3 and that has been reported to generate the ATP required for biohydrogenation (reflecting a decrease in the abundance of rumen bacteria that hydrogenate C18:3n-3 in MIX kids). In muscle, the MIX diet increased concentrations of C18:3n-3, C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, and n-3 LCPUFA, and thus decreased the n-6/n-3 ratio; decreased the mRNA expression of CPT1β (a gene associated with fatty acid oxidation) and increased the mRNA expression of FADS1 and FADS2 (genes associated with n-3 LCPUFA synthesis), compared with the LSO diet. Interestingly, compared to Longissimus dorsi, Biceps femoris had greater concentrations of PUFA, greater ratios of unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (U/S), and poly-unsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (P/S), but a lesser concentration of saturated fatty acids (SFA). Conclusions In cashmere goat kids, a combination of linseed and palm oils in the diet increases the muscle concentration of n-3 LCPUFA, apparently by decreasing the relative abundance of rumen bacteria that are positively related to the proportional loss rate of dietary C18:3n-3, by inhibiting mRNA expression of genes related to C18:3n-3 oxidation in muscle, and by up-regulating mRNA expression of genes related to n-3 LCPUFA synthesis in muscle, especially in Longissimus dorsi.

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Changes in Rumen Microbial Profiles and Subcutaneous Fat Composition When Feeding Extruded Flaxseed Mixed With or Before Hay

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Effect of Feeding Cold-Pressed Sunflower Cake on Ruminal Fermentation, Lipid Metabolism and Bacterial Community in Dairy Cows

Effect of Feeding Cold-Pressed Sunflower Cake on Ruminal Fermentation, Lipid Metabolism and Bacterial Community in Dairy Cows

Animal Breed Composition Is Associated With the Hindgut Microbiota Structure and β-Lactam Resistance in the Multibreed Angus-Brahman Herd

Palm oil protects α-linolenic acid from rumen biohydrogenation and muscle oxidation in cashmere goat kids

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