Changes in Salivary Amylase and Glucose in Diabetes: A Scoping Review

Pérez‐Ros, Pilar; Navarro‐Flores, Emmanuel; Julián-Rochina, Iván; Martínez-Arnau, Francisco Miguel; Cauli, Omar

doi:10.3390/diagnostics11030453

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Although many of the biomarkers mentioned are associated with frailty, none of them alone is sufficient for its diagnosis, but together they could improve the sensitivity and specificity of frailty detection, which is also consistent with the definition of frailty as a multidimensional syndrome caused by alterations in multiple biological systems [ 184 ]. This has been similarly observed in the relationship between diabetes mellitus and salivary biomarkers, when the incorporation of salivary amylase quantification could reflect improving glycemic control [ 185 ]. Communication and information technologies have been proposed in recent years as potential interventions to support older people who are affected by various clinical conditions that can impact their well-being [ 186 ].…”

Section: Outlook and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Frailty in Aging and the Search for the Optimal Biomarker: A Review

et al. 2022

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In the context of accelerated aging of the population worldwide, frailty has emerged as one of the main risk factors that can lead to loss of self-sufficiency in older people. This syndrome is defined as a reduced state of physiological reserve and functional capacity. The main diagnostic tools for frailty are based on scales that show deficits compared to their clinical application, such as the Fried frailty phenotype, among others. In this context, it is important to have one or more biomarkers with clinical applicability that can objectively and precisely determine the degree or risk of frailty in older people. The objective of this review was to analyze the biomarkers associated with frailty, classified according to the pathophysiological components of this syndrome (inflammation, coagulation, antioxidants, and liver function, among others). The evidence demonstrates that biomarkers associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, skeletal/cardiac muscle function, and platelet function represent the most promising markers of frailty due to their pathophysiological association with this syndrome. To a lesser extent but with the possibility of greater innovation, biomarkers associated with growth factors, vitamins, amino acids, and miRNAs represent alternatives as markers of this geriatric syndrome. Likewise, the incorporation of artificial intelligence represents an interesting approach to strengthening the diagnosis of frailty by biomarkers.

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Section: Outlook and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Frailty in Aging and the Search for the Optimal Biomarker: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…One of the most studied salivary parameters is salivary amylase protein. Salivary amylase protein is a prominent protein found in the oral cavity (Pérez-Ros et al 2021 ). Lately, salivary proteins as potential markers for diagnosis and prognosis of chronic disease have been a hot topic of research as they offer various advantages due to their ease of collection, less risks of infections, lower cost and mainly their non-invasive nature.…”

Section: Salivary Gland Diseases and Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary gland proteins alterations in the diabetic milieu

et al. 2021

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Salivary glands are considered the chief exocrine glands of the mouth and physiologically contribute to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the oral cavity. They consist of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands, which come in pairs and are collectively called the major glands, and the minor glands, which are much smaller and are dispersed throughout the buccal cavity. Salivary glands are distinguished by their size, amount of saliva secretion and their location in the oral cavity. Salivary glands pathophysiology has been a subject of interest in various worldwide metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global health concern, with a pathological imprint involved in vasculature, promotes microvascular and macrovascular complications among which periodontitis ranks sixth. Indeed, DM has also been directly associated with oral health lesions. Specifically, salivary glands in the context of diabetes have been a focal point of study and emphasis in the research field. There is evidence that relates salivary secretion content and diabetes progression. In this review, we present all the reported evidence of the deregulation of specific salivary proteins associated with the progression of diabetes in parallel with changes in salivary gland morphology, cellular architecture, and salivary secretion and composition more generally.

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“…Unfortunately, we have no data on lipid profiles and were therefore not able to test whether the associations were mediated by lipid profiles. In addition, patients with diabetes might have discrepant salivary amylase content [ 24 ] or gut microbiomes [ 25 ] that probably have an effect on soy metabolism. Therefore, the observed association might be different within the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Soy Consumption and Cardiovascular Mortality among Chinese People with Type 2 Diabetes

Wang

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Randomized controlled trials showed that soy intervention significantly improved blood lipids in people with diabetes. We sought to prospectively examine the association of soy consumption with the risk of cardiovascular death among individuals with diabetes. A total of 26,139 participants with a history of diabetes were selected from the Chinese Kadoorie Biobank study. Soy food consumption was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Causes of death were coded by the 10th International Classification of Diseases. The Cox proportional hazard regression was used to compute the hazard ratios. During a median follow-up of 7.8 years, a total of 1626 deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) were recorded. Compared with individuals who never consumed soy foods, the multivariable-adjusted risks (95% confidence intervals) of CVD mortality were 0.92 (0.78, 1.09), 0.89 (0.75, 1.05), and 0.77 (0.62, 0.96) for those who consumed soy foods monthly, 1–3 days/week, and ≥4 days/week, respectively. For cause-specific cardiovascular mortality, significant inverse associations were observed for coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Higher soy food consumption was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular death, especially death from coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction, in Chinese adults with diabetes.

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Changes in Salivary Amylase and Glucose in Diabetes: A Scoping Review

Cited by 36 publications

References 58 publications

Frailty in Aging and the Search for the Optimal Biomarker: A Review

Frailty in Aging and the Search for the Optimal Biomarker: A Review

Salivary gland proteins alterations in the diabetic milieu

Dietary Soy Consumption and Cardiovascular Mortality among Chinese People with Type 2 Diabetes

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