Changes in Salivary Prostaglandin Levels During Menstrual Migraine With Associated Dysmenorrhea

Abstract

Data from this pilot study provide evidence that saliva levels of several prostaglandins increase during attacks of MMaD and that treatment with a single tablet combination of sumatriptan and naproxen sodium prevents elevation of prostaglandin levels.

Effect of Endometrial Ablation on Premenstrual Symptoms

“…One possible avenue lies in prostaglandins (PGs). PGs are known to be key regulators of the human reproductive cycle, and their involvement in premenstrual symptoms, such as the involvement of PGF 2 in dysmenorrhea, has been suggested in several studies [23][24][25]. Kang et al [26] demonstrated that the human PG transporter is expressed in endometrial tissues, supporting the action of PGs in human endometrium.…”

“…Interestingly, headache also can be prevented by the use of PG inhibitors [28]. Although the causal involvement of PGs in this phenomenon is still hypothetical, PGs could represent the physiological link between menstruationlinked headaches and dysmenorrhea [23,29]; levels of PGD 2 , PGF 2 , PGE 2 , and TXA 2 have been shown to fluctuate with dysmenorrhea-associated headaches [23]. Various other effects of PGs, including their involvement in inflammation and pain [30], have been well documented.…”

“…Various other effects of PGs, including their involvement in inflammation and pain [30], have been well documented. Even though the role of PGs in the onset of physical symptoms like headache and dysmenorrhea has been studied [23,31], the demonstration of their direct involvement in other specific premenstrual symptoms remains to be established.…”

“…Consequently, increased concentrations of PGs in the endometrial tissue observed at the onset of menstruation may contribute to the onset of symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding [27]. Of all the premenstrual symptoms studied, headache appears to be the one most affected by the action of PGs [23]. Interestingly, headache also can be prevented by the use of PG inhibitors [28].…”

Contraceptive-induced amenorrhoea leads to reduced migraine frequency in women with menstrual migraine without aura

“…Hence the benefit of amenorrhoea appears to be independent of the effect of the method on estrogen-withdrawal. A possible explanation may be the oligo-amenorrhoea that follows 6–12 months after insertion of LNG-IUS and consequent effect on prostaglandins, which have been implicated in MM, particularly associated with dysmenorrhoea [18]; a reduction in menstrual flow is associated with reduced levels of prostaglandins reaching the systemic circulation in the early menstrual phase, potentially reducing the effect on migraine.…”