Changes in secondary metabolites in the halophytic putative crop species Crithmum maritimum L., Triglochin maritima L. and Halimione portulacoides (L.) Aellen as reaction to mild salinity

Boestfleisch, Christian; Papenbrock, Jutta

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0176303

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…It has been shown previously that antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and total phenolics are involved in salinity stress response in plants 10 , 33 . In almond rootstocks, ORAC and total phenolics changed in response to salinity without a clear trend across the rootstocks for their survival rates, change in trunk diameter, or their abilities to exclude Na or Cl (Supplementary Table S3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking diverse salinity responses of 14 almond rootstocks with physiological, biochemical, and genetic determinants

Sandhu

Kaundal

Forest

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Fourteen commercial almond rootstocks were tested under five types of irrigation waters to understand the genetic, physiological, and biochemical bases of salt-tolerance mechanisms. Treatments included control (T1) and four saline water treatments dominant in sodium-sulfate (T2), sodium-chloride (T3), sodium-chloride/sulfate (T4), and calcium/magnesium-chloride/sulfate (T5). T3 caused the highest reduction in survival rate and trunk diameter, followed by T4 and T2, indicating that Na and, to a lesser extent, Cl were the most toxic ions to almond rootstocks. Peach hybrid (Empyrean 1) and peach-almond hybrids (Cornerstone, Bright’s Hybrid 5, and BB 106) were the most tolerant to salinity. Rootstock’s performance under salinity correlated highly with its leaf Na and Cl concentrations, indicating that Na+ and Cl- exclusion is crucial for salinity tolerance in Prunus. Photosynthetic rate correlated with trunk diameter and proline leaf ratio (T3/T1) significantly correlated with the exclusion of Na+ and Cl-, which directly affected the survival rate. Expression analyses of 23 genes involved in salinity stress revealed that the expression differences among genotypes were closely associated with their performance under salinity. Our genetic, molecular, and biochemical analyses allowed us to characterize rootstocks based on component traits of the salt-tolerance mechanisms, which may facilitate the development of highly salt-tolerant rootstocks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking diverse salinity responses of 14 almond rootstocks with physiological, biochemical, and genetic determinants

Sandhu

Kaundal

Forest

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Different halophytes synthesize ample amount of secondary metabolites to cope up with salinity. These metabolites/ antioxidants are increased in response to abiotic stresses such as high salinity (Boestfleisch & Papenbrock, 2017). These compounds include steroids, alkaloids, flavanoids, phenolics, tannins, glucosides, terpenoids, coumarin, nitrate, oxalate, and organic acids.…”

Section: Secondary Metabolites and Medicinal Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halophytes in biosaline agriculture: Mechanism, utilization, and value addition

Srivastava²,

et al. 2017

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Land is considered as the life‐sustaining platform for food and water. However, there are contaminants such as salt, heavy metal, and industrial waste that decrease land fertility, posing serious threat to sustainable agriculture. In recent years, novel crop varieties with improved tolerance against environmental contaminants have been developed, but most of them face severe yield penalty. Alternatively, naturally tolerant plants such as extremophiles can be screened for their potential as crops. These crops should be tolerant to various abiotic stresses, perform better under extreme conditions and produce higher biomass and yield. In view of this, the present review focuses on the effects of saline soil on plants and how a class of plants termed as “halophytes” can tolerate high levels of salt. The potential applications of halophytes in phytoremediation, desalination, secondary metabolite production, medicine, food, and saline agriculture have been discussed. A concept of saline agriculture has been proposed for rehabilitation of saline and degraded lands. In this context, a potential halophyte is cultivated in salt‐contaminated soil for desalination. The harvested halophyte can have industrial value, and later on, rehabilitated soil can be utilized for agriculture purpose. Some success with halophyte cultivation has been demonstrated in environmentally degraded soils, and it is imperative that large‐scale adoption of halophytes, as potential candidates, can be accorded top priority for rehabilitating contaminated soils, which can pave way for sustainable agriculture.

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“…The halophytes, under the stress of harsh super-saline habitats in areas with the lowest rainfall and marshy conditions, as well as desert environments, have accustomed to adverse environmental conditions through developing various defense mechanisms for survival. These adoptive techniques include multiple strategies which are morphological, biochemical, physiological, metabolic, and sensory in nature [ 11 , 12 ]. One such strategy of these halophytes is their responsiveness to elevated oxidative stress conditions of the plants, wherein these plants survive high-salinity conditions by producing specific enzymatic, non-enzymatic, and metabolite products, many of which are secondary metabolite antioxidant molecules concentrated abundantly in the plant sap [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suaeda vermiculata Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract-Based Mitigation of CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats, and HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR Cell-Lines-Based Cytotoxicity Evaluations

Mohammed

Khan

El-Readi

et al. 2020

Plants

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Suaeda vermiculata, an edible halophytic plant, used by desert nomads to treat jaundice, was investigated for its hepatoprotective bioactivity and safety profile on its mother liquor aqueous-ethanolic extract. Upon LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis, the presence of several constituents including three major flavonoids, namely quercetin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-O-(acetyl)-hexoside-pentoside were confirmed. The aqueous-ethanolic extract, rich in antioxidants, quenched the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radicals, and also showed noticeable levels of radical scavenging capacity in ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) assay. For the hepatoprotective activity confirmation, the male rat groups were fed daily, for 7 days (n = 8/group, p.o.), either carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) 0.5%, silymarin 200 mg/kg, the aqueous-ethanolic extract of the plant Suaeda vermiculata (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg extract), or quercetin (100 mg/kg) alone, and on day 7 of the administrations, all the animal groups, excluding a naïve (250 mg/kg aqueous-ethanolic extract-fed), and an intact animal group were induced hepatotoxicity by intraperitoneally administering carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). All the animals were sacrificed after 24 h, and aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase serum levels were observed, which were noted to be significantly decreased for the aqueous-ethanolic extract, silymarin, and quercetin-fed groups in comparison to the CMC-fed group (p < 0.0001). No noticeable adverse effects were observed on the liver, kidney, or heart’s functions of the naïve (250 mg/kg) group. The aqueous-ethanolic extract was found to be safe in the acute toxicity (5 g/kg) test and showed hepatoprotection and safety at higher doses. Further upon, the cytotoxicity testings in HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR (Adriamycin resistant) cell-lines were also investigated, and the IC50 values were recorded at 56.19±2.55 µg/mL, and 78.40±0.32 µg/mL (p < 0.001, Relative Resistance RR 1.39), respectively, while the doxorubicin (Adriamycin) IC50 values were found to be 1.3±0.064, and 4.77±1.05 µg/mL (p < 0.001, RR 3.67), respectively. The HepG-2/ADR cell-lines when tested in a combination of the aqueous-ethanolic extract with doxorubicin, a significant reversal in the doxorubicin’s IC50 value by 2.77 folds (p < 0.001, CI = 0.56) was noted as compared to the cytotoxicity test where the extract was absent. The mode of action for the reversal was determined to be synergistic in nature indicating the role of the aqueous-ethanolic extract.

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Changes in secondary metabolites in the halophytic putative crop species Crithmum maritimum L., Triglochin maritima L. and Halimione portulacoides (L.) Aellen as reaction to mild salinity

Cited by 44 publications

References 55 publications

Linking diverse salinity responses of 14 almond rootstocks with physiological, biochemical, and genetic determinants

Linking diverse salinity responses of 14 almond rootstocks with physiological, biochemical, and genetic determinants

Halophytes in biosaline agriculture: Mechanism, utilization, and value addition

Suaeda vermiculata Aqueous-Ethanolic Extract-Based Mitigation of CCl4-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats, and HepG-2 and HepG-2/ADR Cell-Lines-Based Cytotoxicity Evaluations

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