Changes in Serum Interferon‐γ, Interleukin‐4, and Interleukin‐12 Cytokine Levels in Anti‐Histamine Type 2–Treated Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Testa, B; Mesolella, C; Mosti, Maria R.; Mesolella, Massimo; Testa, Domenico; Motta, Gaetano

doi:10.1097/00005537-200102000-00009

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…T cells playa critical role in controlling immune responses and they are involved in the inflammatory processes characteristic of allergic diseases. Based on their cytokine production profile helper, T cells (T h) are generally distinguished into two distinct subsets: ThI cells producing IL-2 and IFN-y and T h2 cells producing IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-I3 (16)(17). Several studies investigated the cytokine mRNA expression and protein production profiles (ThI versus Th2) of T cell clones and of peripheral mononuclear cells of allergic patients (10,(16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies (17,21) have shown that cytokine production is modified during anti-allergy treatments (histamine antagonist, Chinese herbs) and by immunotherapy; however the effect of therapy on cytokine production has been the subject of much debate and is still unclear. H2 antagonists have been shown to induce their effects by enhancing the amount of IFN-y and by reducing IL-4 (17). Decrease in IL-4 serum level following immunotherapy with no significative increase in IFN-y was reported (22).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies showed that allergic diseases are often associated with an increased expression of T h2-like cytokine responses. IL-4 is essential for isotype switching toward IgE, while IL-5 together with IL-4 switches antibody response toward IgA (16)(17). On the other hand, ThI cells have a downregulatory role in the production of T h2 cytokines by releasing IFN-y.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improvement of Clinical Response in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated with an Oral Immunostimulating Bacterial Lysate: In Vivo Immunological Effects

Banche

Allizond

Mandras

et al. 2007

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Allergic rhinitis is known to be one of the most common chronic diseases in the industrialized world. According to the concept that allergic rhinitis patients generally suffer from an immune deficit, in order to stimulate specifically or aspecifically their immune system, immunomodulating agents from various sources, such as synthetic compounds, tissue extracts or a mixture of bacterial extracts, have been used. The aim of the present trial is to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment with an immunostimulating vaccine consisting of a polyvalent mechanical bacterial lysate (PMBL) in the prophylaxis of allergic rhinitis and subsequently to analyze its in vivo effects on immune responses. 41 allergic rhinitis patients were enrolled: 26 patients were randomly assigned to the group for PMBL sublingual treatment and 15 others to the group for placebo treatment. For all 26 patients blood samples were drawn just before (To) and after 3 months of PMBL treatment (T 3) to evaluate plasma IgE levels (total and allergen-specific) and the cytokine production involved in the allergic response (IL-4, IFN-y). The results of our study indicate that PMBL is effective in vivo in the reduction or in the elimination of the symptoms in rhinitis subjects during the treatment period in comparison to a non-immunostimulating treatment. A significant and clinically relevant improvement was found in 61.5%, a stationary clinical response was registered in 38.4% and no negative side effects associated with the medication or worsening were recorded. At the end of a 3-month follow up period the clinical picture remained the same as that observed at T 3 • PMBL treatment did not affect the serum IgE levels (either total or allergen-specific) and did not induce significant changes in IFN-y concentration. In contrast, PMBL therapy may be accompanied, in some patients, by a potential immunomodulating activity by decreasing IL-4 cytokine expression. In the last 20 years allergies have increased in countries with a relatively high standard of living (I). Residency in urban or industrial areas, changes in lifestyle and the falling incidence of microbial infections may be responsible for this increase to some extent. Prevalence estimates suggest, for example, that seasonal allergic rhinitis occurs in 10% and perennial allergic rhinitis in 10-20% of individuals living in industrialized countries, and for children the prevalence rates may be as high as 40% (2). Poorly controlled allergic rhinitis is also a major risk factor for sinus infections and may contribute to the development of asthma and to exacerbations in those subjects who already have

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improvement of Clinical Response in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated with an Oral Immunostimulating Bacterial Lysate: In Vivo Immunological Effects

Banche

Allizond

Mandras

et al. 2007

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…But it did not inhibit the Th1 cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-␥. 27 Testa et al 28 determined a clear-cut clinical improvement in patients with allergic rhinitis with the use of H2 blockers. They suggested that H2 blockers increased IFN-␥ levels, but decreased IL-4 and total IgE levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ménière’s disease and allergy: allergens and cytokines

et al. 2004

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The aim of this article is to evaluate the role of allergy in the pathogenesis of Meniere's disease by means of cytokine profiles, allergic parameters and lymphocyte subgroups. A total of 46 patients aged between 26-68 years diagnosed with Meniere's disease between 1993-2002 were recruited to this study. The control group consisted of 46 healthy volunteers who were from the same age group, living in the same region and possessing similar socioeconomic indicators. Lymphocyte subgroups were measured from the peripheral blood by employing Becton Dickinson (BD) monoclonal CD4, CD8, CD23 antibodies. IFN-gamma, IL4, total IgE levels, and specific IgE levels pertaining to tree, fungus, fruit, egg-white, cow's milk, wheat flour, corn flour, beef, and rice allergens, in all seasons, were measured and compared in the patient and control groups. In patient serum samples there were positive correlations between CD23 and IgE, CD8 and IgE, CD4/CD8 and IgE, and CD23 and CD8 (p <0.01). There were negative correlations between IL-4 and IFN-gamma, IFN-gamma and IgE, and a positive correlation between IL-4 and IgE. Total IgE levels were above the normal values in 19/46 (41.3 per cent) of the patient group, but the ratio was nine out of 46 (19.5 per cent) in the control group. A history of allergy was found in 31/46 (67.3 per cent) when the patients were questioned. The ratio of a history of allergy was 16/46 (34.7 per cent) in the control group. When specific IgE levels were evaluated the ratio of patients with all the panels negative was eight out of 46 (17.9 per cent), but it was 31/46 (67.3 per cent) in the control group. This study found that the prevalence of allergy was higher in patients with Meniere's disease than in the control group. Thus the authors suggest that allergy should be taken into account when patients with this disease are treated.

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“…Hussein et al (10) showed that polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors 2 (TLR-2) and TLR-4 genes were associated with susceptibility to AR. Furthermore, Testa et al (11) showed that the variation in interleukin 4 (IL-4) gene expression determined the severity of AR. In addition, the variation in ILs gene expression have also been associated with the severity of AR (12,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H1 antihistamines in allergic rhinitis: The molecular pathways of interleukin and toll - like receptor systems

Fajar¹

2016

JHSCI

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Changes in Serum Interferon‐γ, Interleukin‐4, and Interleukin‐12 Cytokine Levels in Anti‐Histamine Type 2–Treated Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Abstract: H2 antagonists probably induce their effects by enhancing the amount of IFN-gamma and by reducing IL-4 cytokines, which, respectively, induce a decrease and an increase in the IgE synthesis.

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

Improvement of Clinical Response in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated with an Oral Immunostimulating Bacterial Lysate: In Vivo Immunological Effects

Improvement of Clinical Response in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated with an Oral Immunostimulating Bacterial Lysate: In Vivo Immunological Effects

Ménière’s disease and allergy: allergens and cytokines

H1 antihistamines in allergic rhinitis: The molecular pathways of interleukin and toll - like receptor systems

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