Changes in Serum Iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity and Transferrin Saturation Percent in Sudanese Females Newly Diagnosed with Breast Cancer at Khartoum Oncology Hospital: A case- control study

Mustafa, Rufaida Mustafa Ahmed; Husain, Nazik Elmalaika

doi:10.18502/sjms.v12i3.915

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…For example, breast cancer patients have significantly higher levels of iron than normal controls. 67,68 Thus, cancers with high levels of iron might be more susceptible to AA through increased production of free radicals via LIP. In a research reported by Xia et al, high dose AA, in the presence of iron, leads to the formation of highly ROS resulting in cell death of multiple myeloma cells.…”

Section: Pro-oxidantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbic acid in cancer management – time for a second look

Ogochukwu

2023

Eur J Clin Exp Med

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Introduction and aim. Over the past decades, the hypotheses that ascorbic acid (AA) can play a role as an anti-neoplastic therapy have generated many conflicting reports. Despite the controversies, mounting evidence has shown that AA has the potential to play a role as an anti-neoplastic agent. Recent studies have unraveled its pharmacokinetics and various mechanism of action on cancer cells. This has spawned different preclinical studies with reports of good activities against various cancers. Material and methods. A review of the literature regarding ascorbic acid in the management of cancer was performed using the PubMed database. The research was limited to abstracts and available full-text articles. Analysis of the literature. Clinical trials have also demonstrated its safety and tolerability across different dosages. AA has been noted as a multitargeting agent that acts as a pro-oxidative cytotoxic agent, anti-cancer epigenetic regulator and immune modulator. AA has also been shown act synergistically with standard chemotherapy regimens in different cancers. Despite its potentials, phase III clinical trials are seriously lacking. The recent phase III VITALITY study shows that AA may play a role as an adjunct targeted therapy for ras-mutated cancers. Therefore, there is need to for more standardized clinical trials to help identify cancer subtypes and AA combination regimens that can show the most benefits. In this review, the pleiotropic mechanism of action of AA was explored as well as various preclinical and clinical studies in cancer therapy. In addition, recommendations were also made for effective strategies towards an AA and standard cancer regimens in treatment as well as future directions. Ascorbic acid has been shown to induce cell death in various cancer types through different mechanisms of action. Several clinical trials and case reports have shown its efficacy in combination chemotherapy, and the pharmacological route of action can be either intravenous or oral. However, it can impair the actions of some drugs when given in combination. Also, dosage should be determined for maximal pharmacologic action. Conclusion. Ascorbic acid has the potential to provide safe and cost-effective antineoplastic treatment option especially in combination therapy. Its potential needs to be further investigated through clinical trials.

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Section: Pro-oxidantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascorbic acid in cancer management – time for a second look

Ogochukwu

2023

Eur J Clin Exp Med

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“…The higher hepcidin and hence lower ferroportin levels, i.e., a high hepcidin/ferroportin ratio, eventually leads to an increase in ferritin expression and consequent iron overload [ 19 , 20 ]. Transferrin levels were also found to be altered in breast cancer cases [ 8 , 21 , 22 ]. Elevated concentrations of estrogen in breast tissue, which disrupts intracellular iron metabolism, results in excess iron that can initiate the generation of superoxide anions and the conversion of ferritin-bound Fe 3+ to Fe 2+ , leading to estrogen-induced oxidative stress on nucleic acids followed by carcinogenesis ( Figure 2 ) [ 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Overload and Breast Cancer: Iron Chelation as a Potential Therapeutic Approach

Islam

Hoque

Nasrin

et al. 2022

Life

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Breast cancer has historically been one of the leading causes of death for women worldwide. As of 2020, breast cancer was reported to have overtaken lung cancer as the most common type of cancer globally, representing an estimated 11.3% of all cancer diagnoses. A multidisciplinary approach is taken for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer that includes conventional and targeted treatments. However, current therapeutic approaches to treating breast cancer have limitations, necessitating the search for new treatment options. Cancer cells require adequate iron for their continuous and rapid proliferation. Excess iron saturates the iron-binding capacity of transferrin, resulting in non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI) that can catalyze free-radical reactions and may lead to oxidant-mediated breast carcinogenesis. Moreover, excess iron and the disruption of iron metabolism by local estrogen in the breast leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, iron concentration reduction using an iron chelator can be a novel therapeutic strategy for countering breast cancer development and progression. This review focuses on the use of iron chelators to deplete iron levels in tumor cells, specifically in the breast, thereby preventing the generation of free radicals. The inhibition of DNA synthesis and promotion of cancer cell apoptosis are the targets of breast cancer treatment, which can be achieved by restricting the iron environment in the body. We hypothesize that the usage of iron chelators has the therapeutic potential to control intracellular iron levels and inhibit the breast tumor growth. In clinical settings, iron chelators can be used to reduce cancer cell growth and thus reduce the morbidity and mortality in breast cancer patients.

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Changes in Serum Iron, Total Iron Binding Capacity and Transferrin Saturation Percent in Sudanese Females Newly Diagnosed with Breast Cancer at Khartoum Oncology Hospital: A case- control study

Cited by 2 publications

References 31 publications

Ascorbic acid in cancer management – time for a second look

Ascorbic acid in cancer management – time for a second look

Iron Overload and Breast Cancer: Iron Chelation as a Potential Therapeutic Approach

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