Changes in Skeletal Muscle Size and Glucose Tolerance With Electrically Stimulated Resistance Training in Subjects With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Mahoney, Edward T.; Bickel, C. Scott; Elder, Christopher P.; Black, Christopher D.; Slade, Jill M.; Apple, David F.; Dudley, Gary A.

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.12.021

Cited by 147 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle CSA was increased in both thighs after 18 weeks of NMES-induced resistance training. 10 In the right thigh, mean QF CSA was significantly increased from 32.6 to 44.0 cm 2 (Po0.05), and the left QF was increased from 34.6 to 47.9 cm 2 (Po0.05), relating to a 35 and 39% increase in CSA, respectively. 10 Muscle fatigue with 4 min of electrical stimulation was 37.2714.2% before training.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…10 In the right thigh, mean QF CSA was significantly increased from 32.6 to 44.0 cm 2 (Po0.05), and the left QF was increased from 34.6 to 47.9 cm 2 (Po0.05), relating to a 35 and 39% increase in CSA, respectively. 10 Muscle fatigue with 4 min of electrical stimulation was 37.2714.2% before training. There was a progressive decrease in fatigue to 21.176.9, 15.777.0, and 14.872.3% at 8 and 12, and after 18 weeks of training, respectively ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…[7][8][9] The significance of these adaptations is that development of cardiovascular disease and Type II diabetes with SCI may be diminished or delayed by improving the muscles and arteries of individuals with SCI. 10 One potential limitation to NMES training for individuals with SCI is excessive muscle fatigue. [11][12][13] In a recent investigation, individuals with SCI were subjected to an electrical stimulation protocol designed to evoke isometric contractions of the quadriceps muscle group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a companion study, we evaluated the influence of the current training program on muscle size and insulin resistance as well. 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

et al. 2005

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Study design: Longitudinal. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of lower extremity resistance training on quadriceps fatigability, femoral artery diameter, and femoral artery blood flow. Setting: Academic Institution. Methods: Five male chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) individuals (American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA): A complete; C5-T10; 3675 years old) completed 18 weeks of home-based neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) resistance training. Subjects trained the quadriceps muscle group twice a week with four sets of 10 dynamic knee extensions against resistance while in a seated position. All measurements were made before training and after 8, 12, and 18 weeks of training. Ultrasound was used to measure femoral artery diameter and blood flow. Blood flow was measured before and after 5 and 10 min of distal cuff occlusion, and during a 4-min isometric electrical stimulation fatigue protocol. Results: Training resulted in significant increases in weight lifted and muscle mass, as well as a 60% reduction in muscle fatigue (P ¼ 0.001). However, femoral arterial diameter did not increase. The range was 0.4470.03 to 0.4670.05 cm over the four time points (P ¼ 0.70). Resting, reactive hyperemic, and exercise blood flow did not appear to change with training. Conclusion: NMES resistance training improved muscle size and fatigue despite an absence of response in the supplying vasculature. These results suggest that the decreases in arterial caliber and blood flow seen with SCI are not tightly linked to muscle mass and fatigue resistance. In addition, muscle fatigue in SCI patients can be improved without increases in arterial diameter or blood flow capacity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a companion study, we evaluated the influence of the current training program on muscle size and insulin resistance as well. 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

et al. 2005

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“…All were classified as level 4 or 5, with the exception of one level 2 trial. Training programs involving BWSTT, 32,34,35 FES cycling, 30,31,[36][37][38] FES ambulation, 39,40 neuromuscular electrical stimulation resistance training 41 and vibration exercise 42 produced significant increases in muscle mass, with training frequencies ranging from 2-7 Â per week, for 8-52 weeks duration. Of note, the level 2 trial showed significant increases in quadriceps muscle mass after 26 weeks of FES-assisted treadmill training, 2 times per week for 20 min per session.…”

Section: Standingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of exercise training on physical capacity, strength, body composition and functional performance among adults with spinal cord injury: a systematic review

et al. 2011

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Study design: Systematic review. Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of evidence surrounding the effects of exercise on physical fitness in people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting: Canada. Methods: The review was limited to English-language studies (published prior to March 2010) of people with SCI that evaluated the effects of an exercise intervention on at least one of the four main components of physical fitness (physical capacity, muscular strength, body composition and functional performance). Studies reported at least one of the following outcomes: oxygen uptake/consumption, power output, peak work capacity, muscle strength, body composition, exercise performance or functional performance. A total of 166 studies were identified. After screening, 82 studies (69 chronic SCI; 13 acute SCI) were included in the review. The quality of evidence derived from each study was evaluated using established procedures. Results: Most studies were of low quality; however, the evidence was consistent that exercise is effective in improving aspects of fitness. There is strong evidence that exercise, performed 2-3 times per week at moderate-to-vigorous intensity, increases physical capacity and muscular strength in the chronic SCI population; the evidence is not strong with respect to the effects of exercise on body composition or functional performance. There were insufficient high-quality studies in the acute SCI population to draw any conclusions. Conclusions: In the chronic SCI population, there is good evidence that exercise is effective in improving both physical capacity and muscular strength, but insufficient quality evidence to draw meaningful conclusions on its effect on body composition or functional capacity.

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Integrative Approach to Neurology

Roynard¹

2023

Integrative Veterinary Medicine

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Changes in Skeletal Muscle Size and Glucose Tolerance With Electrically Stimulated Resistance Training in Subjects With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 147 publications

References 9 publications

Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

Electrically stimulated resistance training in SCI individuals increases muscle fatigue resistance but not femoral artery size or blood flow

The effects of exercise training on physical capacity, strength, body composition and functional performance among adults with spinal cord injury: a systematic review

Integrative Approach to Neurology

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