Changes in sorption and bioavailability of herbicides in soil amended with fresh and aged biochar

Gámiz, Beatriz; Velarde, Pilar; Spokas, Kurt A.; Celis, R.; Cox, Linda J.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.09.033

Cited by 67 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Coadsorption and pore filling were the mechanisms proposed after the chemical activation. Regarding pesticides, this knowledge is still inconsistent; in a previous work, we found that three highly persistent ionizable pesticides had a completely different sorption behavior over time on the same aged biochar and differences were attributed to the water-soluble fraction [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Understanding Activation Effects on Low-Temperature Biochar for Optimization of Herbicide Sorption

et al. 2019

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Activation treatments are often used as a means of increasing a biochar’s sorption capacity for agrochemical compounds but can also provide valuable insight into sorption mechanisms. This work investigates the effects of H2O2 activation on a low-temperature (350 °C) grape wood biochar, evaluates subsequent changes to the removal efficiency (RE) of cyhalofop and clomazone, and elucidates potential sorption mechanisms. Activation by H2O2 decreased the biochar pH, ash content, and C content. Additionally, the biochar O content and surface area increased following activation, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data suggested a slight increase in surface O groups and a decrease in aliphatic C. Cyhalofop RE significantly increased following activation, while clomazone RE was unchanged. The increased sorption of cyhalofop was attributed to pH effects and charge-based interactions with biochar O moieties. Results from this study suggest that H2O2 activation treatments on low-temperature biochars may improve the removal of organic acid herbicides but are of little value in optimizing the removal of polar, non-ionizable herbicides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Understanding Activation Effects on Low-Temperature Biochar for Optimization of Herbicide Sorption

et al. 2019

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“…Fresh BC from oak wood was prepared by slow pyrolysis at maximum pyrolysis temperature (550 °C) 30 . Two samples of Fresh BC were subjected to aging.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mesh bags (Mesh Cord Bags, Vaultz®) were used following the procedure indicated in Gámiz et al 31 . Biochar samples were characterized according to Gámiz et al 30,31 . (Table 1) and properties of soil amended with the various BCs (see Table 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties and, consequently, its sorption capacity, can be altered over time after its application to soil owing to aging or weathering processes 25–27 . The changes in sorption of organic compounds with BC aging are highly variable and depend on both BC and organic compound properties 28–30 . Some studies have indicated the decrease of pesticide sorption as a consequence of aging of BC due to clogging of sorption sites in the material surface by soil components 24,26 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, modifications in sorption behavior of an organic compound in soils amended with BC over time remains unpredictable 29 . In this context, laboratory studies with both fresh and aged BC are necessary to guide BC field applications 28,30,31 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochar changes the bioavailability and bioefficacy of the allelochemical coumarin in agricultural soils

Gámiz

López-Cabeza

Velarde

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Allelochemicals can act as biopesticides or enhance the action of synthetic pesticides. In this work, we assessed the bioavailability of the allelochemical coumarin in soils amended with fresh or field‐aged biochars (BCs). The fresh BC from oak wood (Fresh BC) was prepared at 550 °C and was buried for aging in two different places: in a sandy loam soil in Spain for 15 months (Aged BC_1) and a sandy loam soil in USA for six months (Aged BC_2). RESULTS Sorption experiments showed that all BCs were able to increase the affinity of soil towards coumarin, with the distribution coefficient following the order: unamended soil < Aged BC_2‐amended soil < Aged BC_1‐amended soil < Fresh BC‐amended soil. All biochars ensure greater persistence of coumarin and the effect was more pronounced at high chemical dose (10 mg kg–1). Conversely, leaching studies in soil columns revealed that BCs were able to maintain coumarin within the first 5 cm of top‐soil with total amount extracted ranging between 17% and 22% for BC‐amended soil and <1% for unamended soil. Leaching was only observed when coumarin was added at the highest rate. Likewise, the bioefficacy of coumarin against lettuce was enhanced only at 10 kg ha–1 with BC‐amended soil. CONCLUSIONS Biochar application to agricultural soils is a promising tool for the management of natural compounds with potential use as biopesticides, such as coumarin, because it increases sorption, persistence and, in some cases, bioefficacy. The results reveal that this effect still persists with aging of BC in soils.

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A meta‐analysis on the impacts of different oxidation methods on the surface area properties of biochar

et al. 2022

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Biochar has a beneficial impact on agricultural prosperity, according to numerous studies, and the key dispute presently is how to maximize that impact. Biochar oxidation is well‐known as one of the accepted methods for increasing biochar efficiency. However, due to contradictory data presented in studies and because biochar is derived from diverse oxidation procedures, as well as, the lack of an analytical comparison between different methods, oxidation data sets require a thorough assessment that can be covered by meta‐analysis. In this study, the effects of the five most common oxidation methods in the literature, namely oxidation by acids, alkaline, metal oxides, physical, and natural oxidation, on the cation exchange capacity (CEC), micro‐pores (MP), specific surface area (SSA), and oxygen‐content functional groups (OFGs) of biochar, were meta‐analyzed. When pyrolysis conditions varied, the efficiency of various operations was also addressed. The most efficient method was acidic oxidation, which increased CEC, SSA, MP, and OFGs by 46%, 43%, 55%, and 72%, respectively. Additionally, increasing the pyrolysis temperature above 550°C is critical for lowering OFGs, which has an impact on biochar sorption characteristics. According to the findings, biochar oxidation (post‐pyrolysis) is important since it creates more oxide ions on the surface area than feedstock oxidation (pre‐pyrolysis). Due to their high inorganic nutrient content, crop residues such as rice husk, maize stalk, and rapeseed stem, which were classed in the intermediate group in this study, are promising feedstocks for synthesizing biochars with high SSA, MP, and CEC. Overall, when compared to other approaches, the acidic process significantly improves the surface properties of biochar.

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Changes in sorption and bioavailability of herbicides in soil amended with fresh and aged biochar

Cited by 67 publications

References 48 publications

Understanding Activation Effects on Low-Temperature Biochar for Optimization of Herbicide Sorption

Understanding Activation Effects on Low-Temperature Biochar for Optimization of Herbicide Sorption

Biochar changes the bioavailability and bioefficacy of the allelochemical coumarin in agricultural soils

A meta‐analysis on the impacts of different oxidation methods on the surface area properties of biochar

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