2018
DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000006358
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Changes in subjective experience elicited by direct stimulation of the human orbitofrontal cortex

Abstract: Our study yielded 3 central findings: first, a dissociation between the "silent" anterior and nonsilent middle/posterior OFC where stimulation clearly elicits changes in subjective experience; second, evidence that the OFC might play a causal role in integrating affect and multimodal sensory experiences; and third, clear evidence for left lateralization of negatively valenced effects. Our findings provide important information for clinicians treating OFC injury or planning OFC resection and scientists seeking … Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(48 citation statements)
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“…Although the OFC undoubtedly is important for olfactory processing, it is a much more multimodal area than the visual areas showing cortical thickness increases in congenitally blind. Generally, the key functions of the OFC is often put in the context of value encoding, including, but by no means limited to the olfactory domain (Kringelbach and Rolls 2004;Gottfried and Zelano 2011;van den Bosch et al 2014), with direct simulation of human OFC eliciting not only olfactory but also somatosensory, gustatory, and emotional experiences (Fox et al 2018). Specifically, the OFC is relevant for the processing and integration of information from different sensory modalities, receiving olfactory, gustatory, somatosensory, visceral, visual, and auditory input (Ongür and Price 2000;Kringelbach and Rolls 2004;Rolls 2005), and the medial OFC has been suggested to be of high importance for food consumption (Rolls 2005;Price 2008).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although the OFC undoubtedly is important for olfactory processing, it is a much more multimodal area than the visual areas showing cortical thickness increases in congenitally blind. Generally, the key functions of the OFC is often put in the context of value encoding, including, but by no means limited to the olfactory domain (Kringelbach and Rolls 2004;Gottfried and Zelano 2011;van den Bosch et al 2014), with direct simulation of human OFC eliciting not only olfactory but also somatosensory, gustatory, and emotional experiences (Fox et al 2018). Specifically, the OFC is relevant for the processing and integration of information from different sensory modalities, receiving olfactory, gustatory, somatosensory, visceral, visual, and auditory input (Ongür and Price 2000;Kringelbach and Rolls 2004;Rolls 2005), and the medial OFC has been suggested to be of high importance for food consumption (Rolls 2005;Price 2008).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Anatomically, the vmPFC projects directly to regions involved in affect and peripheral regulation, such as the hypothalamus, amygdala, ventral striatum, periaqueductal grey (PAG), and brainstem nuclei 28,29 , as well as cognitive systems involved in conceptual processing such as the medial temporal lobe and dorsal and medial prefrontal cortex 30 . With connections to systems involved in both affective and conceptual processing, the vmPFC is thought to be instrumental in making self-relevant evaluative appraisals 3,4,15 , which are critical in generating feelings [31][32][33][34] , evaluating the value of a choice option [35][36][37][38][39] , and comprehending abstract Running Head: vmPFC Dynamics narratives [40][41][42][43][44][45] . The affective meaning generated by these appraisal processes are likely to be highly idiosyncratic across individuals.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Prior observations of affective experience induced by the electrical stimulation of cortical structures have tended to be restricted to small samples and isolated brain regions (Caruana et al, 2018;Feindel & Penfield, 1954;Fox et al, 2018;Inman et al, 2018;Mangina & Beuzeron-Mangina, 1996;Mulak et al, 2008;Mullan & Penfield, 1959;Oppenheimer et al, 1992;Ostrowsky et al, 2000;Parvizi et al, 2013;Pool & Ransohoff, 1949). Though previous studies have specifically documented the subjective qualia of these affective experiences (Halgren, Walter, Cherlow, & Crandall, 1978), to our knowledge, no previous study has systematically investigated the effect of varying stimulation parameters on these experiences.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second, we ensured that data from any electrodes determined to be in the epileptic zone were excluded from all analyses. Finally, some patients had electrode grids placed over the ventral surface of the orbitofrontal cortex; any smell-related effects elicited by stimulation of electrodes along the midline of the ventral surface were excluded from all analyses as potentially confounded by stimulation of the olfactory nerve (for further details, see (Fox et al, 2018)).…”
Section: Intracranialmentioning
confidence: 99%
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