Changes in surface morphology of silicate glass induced by fast electron irradiation

Mixed-alkali effect in sodium–potassium glasses irradiated with electrons

“…The phenomenon was observed independently on the energy of the electron beam used. Recently, alkali glasses were irradiated [26] and the volume changes were also confirmed. Both the compaction and the following expansion were found.…”

Changes of structure in potassium depleted binary silicate glass studied by MD

“…The relaxation consisting of 10,000 time steps under the condition of the constant volume followed. High density glass, Gh, was obtained by compressing the simulation cube by 3% (value corresponding to the maximum compression found experimentally [8]), then relaxed for 20 ps, and finally followed potassium removal and additional relaxation for 20 ps. Low density glass, Gl, was obtained by removing of potassium atoms, enlarging the simulated volume of the cube by 1.5 times (it corresponds to the experimental situation for the prolonged irradiation [19]) and then relaxed for 20 ps.…”

“…Vitreous silica reveals the volume compression, but addition of some water led also to the observation of the expansion [6]. Binary alkali-silicate glasses have generally shown two regimes [8]. At low doses all glasses revealed compression with an increasing electron dose.…”

“…The irradiation is also accompanied with the volume changes of glass [6][7][8]. Vitreous silica reveals the volume compression, but addition of some water led also to the observation of the expansion [6].…”

Application of the optical method for determining of the RMS roughness of porous glass surfaces

“…The nanoscale roughnesses of glass induced by fast electron irradiation or oxide glass are studied by AFM and controlled by the surface tension of the melt at the glass transition temperature, respectively [9,10]. Micro-roughnesses arising on the glass surface, for example, during the interaction of femto-and nanosecond laser pulses with glass surface, are examined by scanning electron and optical microscopes [11].…”