Changes in surface water chemistry caused by natural forest dieback in an unmanaged mountain catchment

Kopáček, Jiřı́; Fluksová, H.; Hejzlar, Josef; Kaňa, Jiří; Porcal, Petr; Turek, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.148

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Observed trends in DOC leaching from mountain catchments of the Bohemian Forest lakes (central Europe) combine most of the above causes. 36,37 The DOC concentrations have been increasing in the Bohemian Forest lakes since the late 1980s as a response to rapidly decreasing atmospheric deposition of SO 4 2and NO 3 -. 38 In addition, stream water DOC concentrations exhibit a pronounced seasonal variation and a high DOC leaching accompanying hydrological events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Leaching of Dissolved Organic Carbon after Tree Dieback in an Unmanaged European Mountain Forest

Kopáček

Evans

Hejzlar

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Forest disturbances affect ecosystem biogeochemistry, water quality, and carbon cycling. We analyzed water chemistry before, during, and after a dieback event at a headwater catchment in the Bohemian Forest (central Europe) together with an un-impacted reference catchment, focusing on drivers and responses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching. We analyzed data regarding carbon input to the forest floor via litter and throughfall, changes in soil moisture and composition, streamwater chemistry, discharge, and temperature. We observed three key points. (i) In the first 3 years following dieback, DOC production from dead biomass led to increased concentrations in soil, but DOC leaching did not increase due to chemical suppression of its solubility by elevated concentrations of protons and polyvalent cations and elevated microbial demand for DOC associated with high ammonium (NH) concentrations. (ii) DOC leaching remained low during the next 2 years because its availability in soils declined, which also left more NH available for nitrifiers, increasing NO and proton production that further increased the chemical suppression of DOC mobility. (iii) After 5 years, DOC leaching started to increase as concentrations of NO, protons, and polyvalent cations started to decrease in soil water. Our data suggest that disturbance-induced changes in N cycling strongly influence DOC leaching via both chemical and biological mechanisms and that the magnitude of DOC leaching may vary over periods following disturbance. Our study adds insights as to why the impacts of forest disturbances are sometime observed at the local soil scale but not simultaneously on the larger catchment scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting the Leaching of Dissolved Organic Carbon after Tree Dieback in an Unmanaged European Mountain Forest

Kopáček

Evans

Hejzlar

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…All dead biomass was left in the catchment (Kopáček et al, ). At present, the catchment is recovering by natural reforestation (Kopáček et al, ; Matějka, ) with newly regenerated spruce trees covering ~70% of the catchment; however, regrown tree heights are <1 m, tree density is highly variable, and the tree mortality rate is high (Matějka, ). Throughout this article, the CT and PL catchments are correspondingly denoted as undisturbed and disturbed catchments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water samples for isotopic analysis were collected from lake inflows (creeks and springs) and lake outflows at 3‐week intervals from November 2016 to October 2017 to cover one complete hydrological year (Kopáček et al, , ). Discharge (Q) in creeks and springs was measured at the time of sampling with a stopwatch and calibrated container at small natural waterfalls or rapids with the exception of PL‐4 (subsurface spring), which was not measured.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outflows from the lakes (Q) were monitored in 15‐min intervals at calibrated weirs (Kopáček et al, , ). Specific outflow and precipitation inputs (m 3 h −1 km −2 ) were used to normalize and compare discharges of the two catchments while accounting for differences in sizes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The share of precipitation intercepted by canopy varies between 10% and 50% of the total open precipitation depending on the hydroclimate and forest type (Allen, Keim, Barnard, McDonnell, & Brooks, ; Soulsby et al, ). In contrast, deforested sites typically lack canopy interception and may subsequently have reduced transpiration (Brown et al, ; Kopáček et al, ; Rogger et al, ), resulting in an accelerated hydrological cycle that in turn affects the distribution of run‐off (Langhammer, Su, & Bernsteinova, ); soil saturation; and snow accumulation (Bartík et al, ; Boon, ; Brown et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotopic response of run‐off to forest disturbance in small mountain catchments

Vystavna

Holko

Hejzlar

et al. 2018

Hydrological Processes

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Stable water isotopes were applied to trace hydrological processes in an undisturbed (mature spruce forest) and a nearby disturbed (deforested from a bark beetle outbreak) lake catchments in the Czech Republic. Both catchments are situated above 1,000 m a.s.l. within the Šumava National Park and have similar environmental conditions. The isotopic compositions of precipitation, creeks, springs, and lakes were sampled at 3-week intervals over one hydrological year. Water inputs to catchments were derived from isotopically similar local precipitation, whereas run-off was found to have different isotopic signatures. Creeks in the undisturbed catchment had 1‰ and~7‰ higher δ 18 O and δ 2 H with~2‰ lower d-excess than in the disturbed catchment. The d-excess in creeks of the undisturbed catchment was more pronounced, particularly during snowmelt, and highly heterogeneous as compared with the disturbed catchment. Creeks in the undisturbed catchment were mainly fed by precipitation during the warm period (May-October), whereas creeks in the disturbed catchment were mostly fed by precipitation during the cold period (November-April).Estimated mean transit times of creeks and springs were~6 months, except for two creeks in the undisturbed catchment, which had residence times of~1 year. Although evaporation and transpiration fluxes were apparently reduced in the disturbed catchment, transpiration ratios were similar for both catchments. The difference in isotope signatures between catchments was attributed to the altered role of the forest canopy in temporal water distribution, which produced changes in the water cycle, potentially influencing important biogeochemical processes.

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Impact of Phytophthora agathidicida infection on canopy and forest floor plant nutrient concentrations and fluxes in a kauri‐dominated forest

Schwendenmann

Michalzik

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Changes in surface water chemistry caused by natural forest dieback in an unmanaged mountain catchment

Cited by 43 publications

References 61 publications

Factors Affecting the Leaching of Dissolved Organic Carbon after Tree Dieback in an Unmanaged European Mountain Forest

Factors Affecting the Leaching of Dissolved Organic Carbon after Tree Dieback in an Unmanaged European Mountain Forest

Isotopic response of run‐off to forest disturbance in small mountain catchments

Impact of Phytophthora agathidicida infection on canopy and forest floor plant nutrient concentrations and fluxes in a kauri‐dominated forest

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