Changes in the body condition scores of Nigerian West African Dwarf sheep experimentally infected with mixed infections of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis

Idika, Idika Kalu; Chiejina, S.N.; Mhomga, Linus I.; Nnadi, P.A.; Ngongeh, Lucas Atehmengo

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.02.020

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In direct contrast to Haemonchus , C. fuelleborni had no detectable fitness costs on buffalo. As a non‐bloodsucking parasite, Cooperia is generally considered to be less virulent than Haemonchus in livestock (Idika, Chiejina, Mhomga, Nnadi, & Ngongeh, ; Stromberg et al., ), but known negative effects of Cooperia still include reduced growth, forage intake, and weight gain (Stromberg et al., ). However, counter to expectations, buffalo that gained Cooperia also gained body condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential host responses to parasitism shape divergent fitness costs of infection

et al. 2017

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Fitness costs of infection are fundamental to understanding the ecology and evolution of host–parasite interactions. However, these costs, and particularly their underlying mechanisms, are challenging to evaluate in wild populations. Here, we quantified total and species‐specific costs of gastrointestinal worms on African buffalo, by combining the power of an anthelmintic treatment experiment that perturbed the entire worm community with a longitudinal study that tracked the two most dominant community members. Reducing all worms improved buffalo body condition, which was strongly associated with increases in survival and reproduction. Species‐specific analyses revealed that condition‐mediated fitness costs of infection differed between parasite species. Hosts that gained the blood‐sucking worm Haemonchus, lost condition, and this loss may have been mediated by reductions in forage intake. Hosts that resisted Haemonchus by elevating IL‐4 and eosinophil immune defences were able to reduce their parasite loads and gain back condition. Conversely, hosts that gained Cooperia, a less pathogenic worm, gained condition and had higher survival and reproductive success. Elevating immune defences had no effect on Cooperia abundance. Coupled with the positive relationship observed between Cooperia and host condition, our data suggest that hosts might benefit from tolerating Cooperia rather than incurring the costs of resistance. Overall, our study reveals that differential host responses to parasites play a key role in mediating the costs of infection. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12951/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential host responses to parasitism shape divergent fitness costs of infection

et al. 2017

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“…9; Table 1). It has been reported that changing in the body scores are good indicators of the intensity of GIN infection in the Nigerian WAD sheep [75]. …”

Section: Body Condition Scores:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemonchus Contortus and Ovine Host: A Retrospective Review.

Ashram¹,

Nasr²,

Mehmood³

et al. 2017

IJAR

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Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic infections are a world-wide problem for both small-and large-scale farmers. Infection by GI parasites in ruminants, including sheep and goat can result in harsh economic losses in a variety of ways: reproductive inefficiency, decreased work capacity, involuntary culling, diminished food intake, poor animal growth rates and lower weight gains, treatment and management costs, and mortality in heavily parasitized animals. Among the GI parasites that cause losses to the farming industry, the barber"s pole worm Haemonchus contortus is the predominant, blood-sucking, highly pathogenic, and economically important nematode that infects small ruminants. Here, we review the historical and recent literature on the ovine-parasite-environment interaction for H. contortus to bring avenues where advances in the understanding of these interactions is an indispensible to develop a cost effective control strategies as potential options for the haemonchosis control in sheep and the proper management of sheep in various production systems.

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“…The relatively short PPP recorded in the infections with both isolates may partly be due to the young age of the animals; however, the PPP were still within the normal range for H. contortus , 17/19 to 25 days [ 17 , 18 ] (Mendez and Cabo, 1980; Sharma et al, 2000). Recently Idika et al [ 19 ] (2012) recorded a slightly longer prepatent period in WAD sheep but, apart from being a different species, the sheep were older than the goats used in the current study. The pathology caused was typical to that described in infections due to H. contortus in small ruminants and laid credence to the known fact that the parasite is very pathogenic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Comparative Response of the West African Dwarf Goats to Experimental Infections with Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf Goat Isolates ofHaemonchus contortus

Ngongeh

Onyeabor

2015

Journal of Pathogens

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Response of the West African Dwarf (WAD) goats to two different isolates of Haemonchus contortus, the Red Sokoto (RS) goat isolate (RSHc) and the WAD goat isolate (WADHc) (isolated from WAD goats), was studied by experimental infections of 4–6-month-old male WAD goat kids. Group 1 and Group 2 goats were each infected with 4500 infective larvae (L3) of RSHc and WADHc, respectively. Group 3 animals served as uninfected control. Prepatent period (PPP), faecal egg counts (FEC), worm burden (WB), body weight (BW), packed cell volume (PCV), and body condition score (BCS) were determined. WAD goats infected with RSHc isolate and the ones infected with WADHc isolate had mean PPP of 19.63 ± 0.26 and 19.50 ± 0.19, respectively. Goats infected with WADHc isolate had significantly higher FEC (P = 0.004) and WB (P = 0.001). BW were significantly higher (P = 0.004) both in the controls and in Group 2 goats infected with WADHc isolate than in Group 1 goats infected with the RSHc isolate. BCS of animals in both infected groups dropped significantly (P = 0.001). There was a significant drop in PCV (P = 0.004) of both infected groups in comparison. Both isolates of H. contortus were pathogenic to the host.

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Changes in the body condition scores of Nigerian West African Dwarf sheep experimentally infected with mixed infections of Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Differential host responses to parasitism shape divergent fitness costs of infection

Differential host responses to parasitism shape divergent fitness costs of infection

Haemonchus Contortus and Ovine Host: A Retrospective Review.

Comparative Response of the West African Dwarf Goats to Experimental Infections with Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf Goat Isolates ofHaemonchus contortus

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