Changes in the configuration of the inter-tidal beach zone of part of the Lincolnshire coast since 1951

King, Chris; Barnes, Frank A.

doi:10.1127/zfg/mortensen/8/1964/105

Cited by 15 publications

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“…Much of the activity in this field was organized around formal international research collaborations, as typified by Projects 61, 200 and 274 (1974 Coastal fieldwork in the 1960s was largely still characterized by long-established optical survey methods, with beach transects (e.g. Emery 1961, King & Barnes 1964 surveyed from terrestrial benchmarks, current flows established with floats or by hand-held / boat-deployed impellor-based current meters, and basic surface sediment sampling and analysis. During the 1970s, however, research groups in the USA, Canada, Australia, Japan and the UK began to develop electronic sensors to monitor wave, surf zone and swash processes and seabed responses (e.g.…”

Section: Beginningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal processes and landforms

Spencer

French

2022

Memoirs

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This chapter charts developments in the study of coastal processes and landforms in the period between the 1960s and the end of the millennium, focusing on efforts to better understand sandy beaches, barriers and barrier islands, deltas and estuaries, tidal flats and marshes and coral reefs. The period saw the emergence of a dual focus on, first, the elucidation of landscape history from morphological and, later, stratigraphic evidence; and second, the relationships between shoreline morphology and processes of sediment movement. Particularly noteworthy was the integration of a broad spectrum of space and time scales in a conceptual framework that became known as ‘coastal morphodynamics’.

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Section: Beginningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal processes and landforms

Spencer

French

2022

Memoirs

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Characteristics and dynamics of multiple intertidal bars, north Lincolnshire, England

Houwelingen

Masselink

Bullard

2005

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Multiple intertidal bars and troughs, often referred to as 'ridges and runnels', are significant features on many macrotidal sandy beaches. Along the coastline of England and Wales, they are particularly prevalent in the vicinity of estuaries, where the nearshore gradient is gentle and a large surplus of sediment is generally present. This paper examines the dynamics of such bar systems along the north Lincolnshire coast.A digital elevation model of the intertidal morphology obtained using LIDAR demonstrates that three to five intertidal bars are consistently present with a spacing of approximately 100 m. The largest and most pronounced bars (height = = = = = 0·5-0·8 m) are found around mean sea level, whereas the least developed bars (height = = = = = 0·2-0·5 m) occur in the lower intertidal zone. Annual aerial photographs of the intertidal bar morphology were inspected to try to track individual bars from year to year to derive bar migration rates; however, there is little resemblance between concurrent photographs, and 'resetting' of the intertidal profile occurs on an annual basis. Three-dimensional beach surveys were conducted monthly at three locations along the north Lincolnshire coast over a one-year period. The intertidal bar morphology responds strongly to the seasonal variation in the forcing conditions, and bars are least numerous and flattest during the more energetic winter months. Morphological changes over the monthly time scale are strongly affected by longshore sediment transport processes and the intertidal bar morphology can migrate along the beach at rates of up to 30 m per month.The behaviour of intertidal bars is complex and varies over a range of spatial and temporal scales in response to a combination of forcing factors (e.g. incident wave energy, different types of wave processes, longshore and cross-shore sediment transport), relaxation time and morphodynamic feedback.

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Location and height of intertidal bars on macrotidal ridge and runnel beaches

Masselink

Anthony

2001

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Previous studies devoted to the morphology and hydrodynamics of ridge and runnel beaches highlight characteristics that deviate from those initially postulated by King and Williams (Geographical Journal, 1949, vol. 113, 70-85) and King (Beaches and Coasts, 1972, Edward Arnold). Disagreements on the morphodynamics of these macrotidal beaches include the position of the ridges relative to the mean neap and spring tide levels, the variation in the height of the ridges across the intertidal profile and, most importantly, whether the ridges are formed by swash or surf zone processes. The morphological characteristics of ridge and runnel beaches from three locations with varying wave, tidal and geomorphic settings were investigated to address these disagreements. Beach profiles from each site were analysed together with water-level data collected from neighbouring ports. It was found that the ridges occur over the entire intertidal zone. On one site (north Lincolnshire, east England), the ridges are uniformly distributed over the intertidal beach, whereas on the two other sites (Blackpool beach, northwest England, and Leffrinckoucke beach, north France) there is some indication that the ridges appear to occur at preferential locations. Most significantly, the locations of the ridge crests were found to be unrelated to the positions on the intertidal profile where the water level is stationary for the longest time. It was further found that the highest ridges generally occur just above mid-tide level where tidal non-stationarity is greatest. These findings argue against the hypothesis that the ridges are formed by swash processes acting at stationary tide levels. It is tentatively suggested that the ridges are the result of a combination of swash and surf zone processes acting across the intertidal zone. Elucidation of the morphodynamic roles of these two types of processes, and other processes such as strong current flows in the runnels, requires further comprehensive field measurements complemented by numerical modelling.

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Changes in the configuration of the inter-tidal beach zone of part of the Lincolnshire coast since 1951

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Coastal processes and landforms

Coastal processes and landforms

Characteristics and dynamics of multiple intertidal bars, north Lincolnshire, England

Location and height of intertidal bars on macrotidal ridge and runnel beaches

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