Changes in the continuous leaping performance of Finnish adolescents between 1979 and 2020

Jaakkola, Timo; Gråstén, Arto; Huhtiniemi, Mikko; Huotari, Pertti

doi:10.1080/02640414.2022.2091344

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Tomkinson et al converged on the standing long jump performance of 10,940,801 children and adolescents from 29 countries during the period 1960-2017 and found that the rate of improvement was steady from the 1960s to the 1980s, slowed in the 1990s, and then declined thereafter 20 , which is generally consistent with the results of this paper. In addition to the above results using the standing long jump as an explosive power test, we also found that the performance of continuous leaping (Finland) 52 , horizontal jump (Portugal) 38 , high jump (Netherlands) 43 , and vertical jump (rural Poland) 6 worsened or remained stable or in recent years stabilized 52 and, in general, did not show positive trends. Several reviews also pointed to the negative trends of explosive power in most countries 1,44 , but we found that explosive power remained stable in children and adolescents (especially girls) in some countries around the 2110s.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Secular trends in physical fitness of rural Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from 1985 to 2019

Taerken

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the secular trends in physical fitness of Chinese rural children and adolescents aged 7–18 from 1985 to 2019. The speed, muscular strength, explosive power fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, and flexibility were investigated by National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health in 1985, 2000, 2010 and 2019. During the period 1985–2000, the physical fitness of Chinese rural children and adolescents improved except for flexibility, and almost all of them reached the maximum increase rate. During the period 2000–2010, in addition to the improvement of flexibility, other fitness showed downward trends, and the decline ranges were large. During the period 2010–2019, the speed of boys rebounded, flexibility, explosive power and muscular strength continued to decrease. Meanwhile, speed, flexibility and muscular strength in girls rebounded, and the explosive power continued to decline. From 2000 to 2019, the body mass index increase accelerated. This study shows that some components of physical fitness of Chinese rural children and adolescents have shown positive trends in recent years, especially for girls and adolescents aged 13–15 years. However, it may also imply inequality between sexes and ages, which provides a reference for the focus of the country's physical fitness and health monitoring and intervention measures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Secular trends in physical fitness of rural Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from 1985 to 2019

Taerken

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…The final test score was the distance from the start to finish position measured from the heel of the nearest foot. Both motor competence tests have demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability among Finnish adolescents 40,41 . More specifically, the test–retest intraclass correlations have been adequate in both throw‐catch combination (0.69) and 5‐leaps (0.84) tests 39 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Negative trends have been documented for early adolescents' motor competence 2,41 and HRF 3,4,66 . This is especially worrying from a public health perspective, as weak physical performance in adolescence has been negatively linked to many health outcomes 5–8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both motor competence tests have demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability among Finnish adolescents. 40,41 More specifically, the test-retest intraclass correlations have been adequate in both throw-catch combination (0.69) and 5leaps (0.84) tests. 39 2.4.2 | Cardiorespiratory fitness Students' CRF was measured using the 20-meter shuttle run test also referred as the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER).…”

Section: Motor Competencementioning

confidence: 93%

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A scalable school‐based intervention to increase early adolescents' motor competence and health‐related fitness

Huhtiniemi

Sääkslahti

Tolvanen

et al. 2023

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

Self Cite

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Schools are key settings for the promotion of students' physical activity, fitness, and motor competence. The purpose of our study was to investigate the efficacy of a 5‐month‐long intervention program that aimed to increase students' motor competence and health‐related fitness during school days. We conducted a quasi‐experimental study with 325 Finnish Grade 5 (Mage = 11.26, SD = 0.33) students from five schools. Two schools were allocated to the intervention group and three schools to the control group. The intervention consisted of three components: (a) weekly 20 min session during regular PE lessons, (b) weekly 20 min session during recess, and (c) daily 5‐minute‐long classroom activity breaks. All activities were designed to systematically develop different elements of motor competence and fitness. The following assessments were conducted at baseline and 5‐months: cardiorespiratory fitness levels were measured by 20‐meter shuttle run test, muscular fitness by curl‐up and push‐up tests, and motor competence by 5‐leaps and throwing–catching combination tests. We analyzed the data using a multi‐group latent change score modeling. Results showed that students in the intervention group developed significantly better in 20‐meter shuttle run test (β = 0.269, p = 0.000, 95% CI [0.141, 0.397]; +5.0 laps), push‐up (β = 0.442, p = 0.000, 95% CI [0.267, 0.617]; +6.5 repetitions), curl‐up (β = 0.353, p = 0.001, 95% CI [0.154, 0.552]; +7.8 repetitions), and throwing–catching combination tests (β = 0.195, p = 0.019, 95% CI [0.033, 0.356]; +1.1 repetitions) than students in the control group. The intervention program appeared to be feasible and effective in increasing students' cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular fitness, and object control skills. This indicates that guided school‐based physical activity programs can be influential in promoting physical fitness and motor competence among early adolescent students.

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Activity and social correlates of physical fitness in Lithuanian schoolchildren

Mieziene,

Venckunas,

Tomkinson

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background. Physical fitness (PF), an important marker of health and well-being, is influenced by a multitude of factors. This study aimed to quantify the associations of social environment factors with different aspects of PF among schoolchildren. Methods. Participants of this cross-sectional study were apparently healthy adolescents aged 11–18 years who attended regular secondary schools (n=4925, 51% girls). PF was assessed using the 8-item Eurofit test battery. Social environment (parents’ education, family’s and friends’ support for physical activity (PA)), personal motivation for PA, actual PA level and participation in organised sports status all were derived using questionnaires. Age- and sex- adjusted body mass index (BMI) cut-points were used to classify adolescents as overweight/obese or not. Results. Up to 45% of the variability in PF levels was explained by utilizing all the factors from questionnaires and adding BMI. Age, sex, and BMI were most strongly associated with PF, while parents’ education, personal motivation for PA, friends’ support for PA, and organised sports participation were additional significant correlates of PF among schoolchildren. However, familial support for PA and current PA level were typically non-significantly associated with PF. Conclusion. Parents’ education, motivation, friends’ support for PA, and organised sports participation were important social- and activity-related correlates of current levels of PF among adolescents.

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Changes in the continuous leaping performance of Finnish adolescents between 1979 and 2020

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Secular trends in physical fitness of rural Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from 1985 to 2019

Secular trends in physical fitness of rural Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from 1985 to 2019

A scalable school‐based intervention to increase early adolescents' motor competence and health‐related fitness

Activity and social correlates of physical fitness in Lithuanian schoolchildren

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