Changes in the germination process and growth of pea in effect of laser seed irradiation

Abstract

A b s t r a c t. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pre-sowing helium-neon (He-Ne) laser irradiation of pea seeds on changes in seed biochemical processes, germination rate, seedling emergence, growth rate, and yield. The first experimental factor was exposure to laser radiation: D0 -no irradiation, D3 -three exposures, D5 -five exposures, and the harvest dates were the second factor. Pre-sowing treatment of pea seeds with He-Ne laser light increased the concentrations of amylolytic enzymes and the content of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in pea seeds and seedlings. The exposure of seeds to He-Ne laser light improved the germination rate and uniformity and modified growth stages, which caused acceleration of flowering and ripening of pea plants. Laser light stimulation improved the morphological characteristics of plants by increasing plant height and leaf surface area. Irradiation improved the yield of vegetative and reproductive organs of pea, although the effects varied at the different growth stages. The increase in the seed yield resulted from a higher number of pods and seeds per plant, whereas no significant changes were observed in the number of seeds per pod. Both radiation doses exerted similarly stimulating effects on pea growth, development, and yield.

The Use of Physical Factors for Seed Quality Improvement of Horticultural Plants

“…An increase in the concentration of IAA in seeds treated with laser light was also noted by other authors (Podleśny et al 2012;Podleśna et al 2015). IAA concentration in germinating seeds of pea increased with the advance of the process of germination.…”

“…Certain studies indicate that germination improvement and acceleration as a result of laser irradiation of seeds is preceded by increased activity of some enzymes, i.e.amylase and protease (Perveen et al 2010;Podleśny et al 2012;Podleśna et al 2015), that could support the hypothesis of Chen et ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ al. (2005a, b) about the mechanism of laser exposure.…”

“…IAA concentration in germinating seeds of pea increased with the advance of the process of germination. Seedlings grown from laser treated seeds had a higher content of IAA than control seedlings (Podleśna et al 2015). IAA belongs to the auxins.…”

Physiologo-morphological features of common wheat under the influence of helium-neon laser

“…This effect is very important in determining the degree of reactivity and stability to various physical factors [1]. The reactivity responses of living organisms to the action of various physical radiations usually take a part both metabolically and anatomomorphologically, that is directed mainly to maintaining homeostasis [2]. However, still very little studies concerning the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical, biophysical and biometrical features of living organisms especially plants in response to the action of electromagnetic radiations taking in consideration plants cultivar, radiation wavelengths, radiation expositions and radiation power intensity.…”

Imbibition of wheat seeds: Application of image analysis

“…Indeed, it is the most important food crop in the world. Its germination represents one of the key developmental processes in the plant growth which affects its subsequent grain yield (Podleśna et al, 2015;Kovalyshyn, 2016). Wheat has been in the focus of seed research for many decades, as was summarized in recent papers, for example, Finch-Savage and Leubner-Metzger (2006); Rathjen et al (2009).…”