Changes in the hydrological response of a small Mediterranean basin a year after a wildfire

Lavabre, Jacques; Sempere‐Torres, Daniel; Cernesson, Flavie

doi:10.1016/0022-1694(93)90014-z

Cited by 116 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Simple regression modeling was also performed on response variables by limiting included watersheds by decreasing percent area burned (i.e., decreasing sample size with decreasing percent area burned) and results demonstrated zero significant adjusted R 2 values. The results from Cluster 8, a dominantly chaparral environment, agree with other studies within the same region (Coombs and Melack, 2013;Hogue, 2011, 2015;Loáiciga et al, 2001) and in chaparral environments outside the United States (Hessling, 1999;Lavabre et al, 1993;Lindley et al, 1988;Scott, 1993). As mentioned in the introduction, some studies find little to no change in streamflow post-fire (Aronica et al, 2002;Bart and Hope, 2010;Britton, 1991;Townsend and Douglas, 2000).…”

Section: Response Variability By Clustersupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Fires in chaparral environments, such as in southern California, exhibited increased flows of up to as much as 2 orders of magnitude, with much of this occurring in the dry season (Coombs and Melack, 2013;Hogue, 2011, 2015;Loáiciga et al, 2001). Fires in other chaparral environments were found to also yield flow increases, such as in South Africa (Lindley et al, 1988;Scott, 1993), Cyprus (Hessling, 1999), and France (Lavabre et al, 1993). Additional increases to post-fire flow regimes were found in temperate, forested catchments as well (Neary et al, 2005;Watson et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moody et al (2013) provide a succinct summary of soil-related theories, such as reduced infiltration due to increases in soil-water repellency, increased overland flow velocities due to increased bare ground, and reduced infiltration caused by soil-sealing. Theories commonly found in the literature attribute flow changes to a wider range of factors, including reduction in interception and evapotranspiration (Lavabre et al, 1993;Scott, 1993) and increased hydrophobicity of soils (Neary et al, 2005). In regards to altered peak flows, conflicting evidence is found regarding the importance of burned watershed areas, with some studies finding an inverse correlation between peak flows and watershed size (Biggio and Cannon, 2001;Neary et al, 2005) and others finding no relation at all (Bart and Hope, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and evaluation of controls on post-fire streamflow response across western US watersheds

Saxe

Hogue

Hay

2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. This research investigates the impact of wildfires on watershed flow regimes, specifically focusing on evaluation of fire events within specified hydroclimatic regions in the western United States, and evaluating the impact of climate and geophysical variables on response. Eighty-two watersheds were identified with at least 10 years of continuous pre-fire daily streamflow records and 5 years of continuous post-fire daily flow records. Percent change in annual runoff ratio, low flows, high flows, peak flows, number of zero flow days, baseflow index, and Richards-Baker flashiness index were calculated for each watershed using pre-and post-fire periods. Independent variables were identified for each watershed and fire event, including topographic, vegetation, climate, burn severity, percent area burned, and soils data.Results show that low flows, high flows, and peak flows increase in the first 2 years following a wildfire and decrease over time. Relative response was used to scale response variables with the respective percent area of watershed burned in order to compare regional differences in watershed response. To account for variability in precipitation events, runoff ratio was used to compare runoff directly to PRISM precipitation estimates. To account for regional differences in climate patterns, watersheds were divided into nine regions, or clusters, through k-means clustering using climate data, and regression models were produced for watersheds grouped by total area burned. Watersheds in Cluster 9 (eastern California, western Nevada, Oregon) demonstrate a small negative response to observed flow regimes after fire. Cluster 8 watersheds (coastal California) display the greatest flow responses, typically within the first year following wildfire. Most other watersheds show a positive mean relative response. In addition, simple regression models show low correlation between percent watershed burned and streamflow response, implying that other watershed factors strongly influence response.Spearman correlation identified NDVI, aridity index, percent of a watershed's precipitation that falls as rain, and slope as being positively correlated with post-fire streamflow response. This metric also suggested a negative correlation between response and the soil erodibility factor, watershed area, and percent low burn severity. Regression models identified only moderate burn severity and watershed area as being consistently positively/negatively correlated, respectively, with response. The random forest model identified only slope and percent area burned as significant watershed parameters controlling response.Results will help inform post-fire runoff management decisions by helping to identify expected changes to flow regimes, as well as facilitate parameterization for model application in burned watersheds.

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Section: Response Variability By Clustersupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization and evaluation of controls on post-fire streamflow response across western US watersheds

Saxe

Hogue

Hay

2018

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Bosch and Hewlett, 1982;Troendle and King, 1987;Lavabre et al, 1993;Iroumé et al, 2005;Guillemette et al, 2005). However, water resources management often requires information on catchments of regional (>1000 km 2 ) or larger scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in land cover, rainfall and stream flow in Upper Gilgel Abbay catchment, Blue Nile basin – Ethiopia

Rientjes

Haile

Kebede

et al. 2011

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

172

140

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Abstract. In this study we evaluated changes in land cover and rainfall in the Upper Gilgel Abbay catchment in the Upper Blue Nile basin and how changes affected stream flow in terms of annual flow, high flows and low flows. Land cover change assessment was through classification analysis of remote sensing based land cover data while assessments on rainfall and stream flow data are by statistical analysis. Results of the supervised land cover classification analysis indicated that 50.9 % and 16.7 % of the catchment area was covered by forest in 1973 and 2001, respectively. This significant decrease in forest cover is mainly due to expansion of agricultural land.By use of a change detection procedure, three periods were identified for which changes in rainfall and stream flow were analyzed. Rainfall was analyzed at monthly base by use of the Mann-Kendall test statistic and results indicated a statistically significant, decreasing trend for most months of the year. However, for the wet season months of June, July and August rainfall has increased. In the period 1973-2005, the annual flow of the catchment decreased by 12.1 %. Low flow and high flow at daily base were analyzed by a low flow and a high flow index that is based on a 95 % and 5 % exceedance probability. Results of the low flow index indicated decreases of 18.1 % and 66.6 % for the periods 1982-2000 and 2001-2005 respectively. Results of high flows indicated an increase of 7.6 % and 46.6 % for the same periods. In this study it is concluded that over the period 1973-2005 stream flow has changed in the Gilgel Abbay catchment by changes in land cover and changes in rainfall.

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“…Une modélisation "pluie-débit" au pas de temps journalier, permet de comparer les débits observés avec ceux simulés, sur une même période, par le modèle calé sur les données recueillies avant l'incendie ( [3], fig. 3).…”

Section: Iii2 Dans Les Bassins Du Réal Collobrierunclassified

Conséquences de la forêt méditerranéenne sur les écoulements de crue Synthèse des recherches menées en France

Cosandey

Lavabre²,

Martin³

et al. 2002

La Houille Blanche

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Changes in the hydrological response of a small Mediterranean basin a year after a wildfire

Cited by 116 publications

References 8 publications

Characterization and evaluation of controls on post-fire streamflow response across western US watersheds

Characterization and evaluation of controls on post-fire streamflow response across western US watersheds

Changes in land cover, rainfall and stream flow in Upper Gilgel Abbay catchment, Blue Nile basin – Ethiopia

Conséquences de la forêt méditerranéenne sur les écoulements de crue Synthèse des recherches menées en France

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