Changes in the intestinal microbiota of individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on sequencing: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Cai, Wenpin; Qiu, Ting; Hu, Weitao; Fang, Taiyong

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299946

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

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“…The altered composition and function of the commensal microbial community, termed dysbiosis, has been associated with MASLD severity. Thus, diminished microbial diversity is present in the early stages of MASLD, and the changes become more prominent with disease progression [ 38 , 39 ]. Decreased richness of the gut microbiota among participants with MASLD has recently been documented in the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study [ 40 ].…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis In Masldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Sinusoidal Vasoregulation in MASLD: A Portal Perspective

Baffy,

Portincasa

2024

Metabolites

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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common condition with heterogeneous outcomes difficult to predict at the individual level. Feared complications of advanced MASLD are linked to clinically significant portal hypertension and are initiated by functional and mechanical changes in the unique sinusoidal capillary network of the liver. Early sinusoidal vasoregulatory changes in MASLD lead to increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and represent the beginning of portal hypertension. In addition, the composition and function of gut microbiota in MASLD are distinctly different from the healthy state, and multiple lines of evidence demonstrate the association of dysbiosis with these vasoregulatory changes. The gut microbiota is involved in the biotransformation of nutrients, production of de novo metabolites, release of microbial structural components, and impairment of the intestinal barrier with impact on innate immune responses, metabolism, inflammation, fibrosis, and vasoregulation in the liver and beyond. The gut–liver axis is a conceptual framework in which portal circulation is the primary connection between gut microbiota and the liver. Accordingly, biochemical and hemodynamic attributes of portal circulation may hold the key to better understanding and predicting disease progression in MASLD. However, many specific details remain hidden due to limited access to the portal circulation, indicating a major unmet need for the development of innovative diagnostic tools to analyze portal metabolites and explore their effect on health and disease. We also need to safely and reliably monitor portal hemodynamics with the goal of providing preventive and curative interventions in all stages of MASLD. Here, we review recent advances that link portal metabolomics to altered sinusoidal vasoregulation and may allow for new insights into the development of portal hypertension in MASLD.

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Section: Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis In Masldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Sinusoidal Vasoregulation in MASLD: A Portal Perspective

Baffy,

Portincasa

2024

Metabolites

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Postcholecystectomy Gut Microbiome Changes and the Clinical Impact: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis

Ang,

Koo,

Ang

et al. 2024

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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BackgroundCholecystectomy (CCE) can affect the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and result in gut microbiome changes. This systematic review aimed to clarify the effect of CCE on gut microbiome composition and its clinical impact.MethodA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, combining keywords such as “cholecystectomy” or “post‐cholecystectomy” with “gut microbiome,” “stool microbiome,” or “gut dysbiosis.” Data were extracted and synthesized using narrative review. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale.ResultsA total of 1373 articles were screened and 14 studies were selected. Significant but inconsistent microbiome changes were reported. Changes were observed in alpha and beta diversity. At phylum level, an increase in Bacteroides and Ascomycota, decrease in Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, and Basidiomycota, and both increase and decrease in Fusobacteria were reported. At genus level, an increase in Prevotella and a decrease in Faecalibacterium were reported. In post‐CCE diarrhea, decreased beta diversity, a decreased F/B ratio, an increase in Prevotella, an increase in Phocaeicola vulgatus, and a decrease in Prevotella copri were noted. For post‐CCE syndrome, a higher abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroides (F/B) ratio were reported. A decreased relative abundance of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum from controls to CCE without colonic neoplasia to CCE with colonic neoplasia, and an increased abundance of Candida glabrata from controls, to CCE without colonic neoplasia and CCE with colonic neoplasia, were reported.ConclusionPatients who underwent CCE had significant gut dysbiosis. However, current studies could not clarify the detailed gut microbial structural and functional changes associated with CCE.

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Emerging mechanisms of organ crosstalk: The role of oxylipins

Fisk,

Shaikh

2024

Nutrition Bulletin

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There is growing interest in the role of oxylipins in the pathophysiology of several diseases. This is accompanied by a limited but evolving evidence base describing augmented oxylipin concentrations in a range of complications including cardiovascular disease, obesity, liver disease and neurological disorders. Despite this, literature describing oxylipin profiles in blood and multiple organs is inconsistent and the mechanisms by which these profiles are altered, and the relationships between localised tissue and circulating oxylipins are poorly understood. Inflammation and immune response associated with disease requires communication across organs and physiological systems. For example, inflammation and comorbidities associated with obesity extend beyond the adipose tissue and affect the vascular, hepatobiliary and digestive systems amongst others. Communication between organs and physiological systems is implicated in the progression of disease as well as the maintenance of homeostasis. There is emerging evidence for the role of oxylipins as a mechanism of communication in organ crosstalk but the role of these in orchestrating multiple organ and system responses is poorly understood. Herein, we review evidence to support and describe the role of oxylipins in organ crosstalk via the cardiosplenic and gut‐link axis. In addition, we review emerging mechanisms of oxylipin regulation, the gut microbiome and modification using nutritional intervention. Finally, we describe future perspectives for addressing challenges in measurement and interpretation of oxylipin research with focus on the host genome as a modifier of oxylipin profiles and response to dietary lipid intervention.

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Changes in the intestinal microbiota of individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on sequencing: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 57 publications

Gut Microbiota and Sinusoidal Vasoregulation in MASLD: A Portal Perspective

Gut Microbiota and Sinusoidal Vasoregulation in MASLD: A Portal Perspective

Postcholecystectomy Gut Microbiome Changes and the Clinical Impact: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis

Emerging mechanisms of organ crosstalk: The role of oxylipins

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