Changes In the Menstrual Cycle Among the Covid-19 Vaccinated Women in The Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey, 2022

Abstract

Background: There is growing concerns that COVID-19 vaccination causes disruption to menstrual cycle. The study has showed that several women required gynecological visits claiming menstrual irregularities or abnormal uterine bleeding after the first and second doses of vaccination (regardless of the type of vaccine used). Objective: This study was conducted in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia to assess the effect of Covid-19 vaccination on the menstrual cycle of the women. Material and methods: It was a cross-sectional prospective study that was conducted by survey the post Covid-19 vaccinated women in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The sample size was calculated using a Fisher's formula which was 344 women who have been vaccinated by Covid-19 vaccination. Results: A total of 343 women participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 30.16 ± 18.20 years. More than forty two percent of the participants had one time Covid-19 infection while 5% was twice infected with Covid-19 virus. The vast majority of the participants (91.3%) were immuned by 2 vaccines. More than sixty percent (60.3%) of the participants were suffering from one and other menstruation irregularities after Covid-19 vaccination. 14% of them were suffering from the menstruation frequency longer than 35 days while 10.2% of them were suffering from the menstruation frequency shorter than 25 days. Conclusion: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is associated with change in menstrual cycle length, heavy menstruation and painful menstruation. Female with the age group of 15-24 years were 2 times more likely to develop menstruation cycle change.

Effect of COVID‐19 vaccinations on menstrual cycle and postmenopausal bleeding among health care workers: A cross‐sectional study

“…The most astonishing result was a significant increase in cycle length. This was in concordance with what was previously reported by Edelman et al 10 However, in a study conducted on 343 women in Saudi Arabia, 14% of the participants reported an increase in cycle length, whereas 10% had a decrease in length to less than 25 days 18 . This implies that COVID‐19 vaccines can influence the cycle length in a bidirectional way.…”

“…17 However, in a study conducted on 343 women in Saudi Arabia, 14% of the participants reported an increase in cycle length, whereas 10% had a decrease in length to less than 25 days. 18 This implies that COVID-19 vaccines can influence the cycle length in a bidirectional way.…”

Prevalence of menstrual irregularities after coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination: A cross-sectional study in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

“…Qashqari et al .,[ 10 ] reported postvaccine menstrual changes in 46.7% of the study participants. In a study by Almousa[ 11 ] involving 343 women, 60.3% of participants reported menstrual irregularities postvaccination, namely disturbances in the duration of the cycle. For about 14% of the participants, the cycles ran longer than 35 days, and for about 10.2% of participants, they were shorter than 25 days.…”