Changes in the Retinal Microvasculature Measured Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography According to Age

Park, Seung Hun; Cho, Heeyoon; Hwang, Sun Jin; Jeon, Beomseo; Seong, Mincheol; Yeom, Hankil; Kang, Min Ho; Lim, Han Woong; Shin, Yong Un

doi:10.3390/jcm9030883

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Previous studies identified age-related changes in retinal vascular density, with a reduction in vascular density reported in older populations across the two studies [39,40]. We found no significant changes in vascular density to be associated with either age or gender; however, the specific parameters of our experimental design precluded the assessment of an equivalent age-range to these studies, which may explain why any effect of age did not reach significance in the current study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Impact of Axial Eye Size on Retinal Microvasculature Density in the Macular Region

Khan

Lam

Armitage

et al. 2020

JCM

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Mechanical tissue stresses are important contributors to the increased risk of sight-threatening pathology in larger, more myopic eyes. The contribution of altered ocular vasculature to the development of this pathology is less well defined. The current study investigated the impact of eye size on the superficial vasculature of the macula. Subjects (n = 104) aged 18–50, with no history of ocular or vascular disease, or myopia control, were recruited from university staff and student populations in Australia and Hong Kong. Refractive error, ocular size, retinal morphology and vascular morphology were quantified through open field autorefraction, ocular biometry and ocular coherence tomography angiography. Morphology of the superficial retinal capillary plexus was assessed over a 3 × 3 mm fovea-centred area. Perfusion area and vessel length densities were analysed relative to axial eye length and retinal thickness. A significant inverse association was found between axial length and vascular density measures (perfusion area density r2 = 0.186, p < 0.001; and vessel length density r2 = 0.102, p = 0.001). Perfusion area and vessel length densities were reduced by 5.8% (p = 0.001) in the longest, relative to the shortest, eyes. The aggregated ganglion cell layer inner plexiform layer thickness was also inversely associated with eye size (r2 = 0.083, p = 0.003), and reduced, by 8.1% (p < 0.001), in the longest eyes. An inverse association of eye size and superficial retinal vasculature density, that is not simply explained by retinal expansion or image magnification factors, was confirmed. These data support the hypothesis that ongoing metabolic challenges may underlie the development of myopia-related and -associated pathology in larger eyes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

Impact of Axial Eye Size on Retinal Microvasculature Density in the Macular Region

Khan

Lam

Armitage

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…OCTA was used to explore pathophysiologic features of certain diseases [12][13][14][15][16]. Most previous studies using OCTA, however, mainly have evaluated normal adult patients [1,4,5,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its potential utility, vascular density (VD) data in normal children's eyes is limited, and clinical applications in children are also sparse [ 1 , 6 , 7 ]. There are few studies that have attempted to present normative data about children [ 6 , 8 , 9 ]. Thus, the objective of this research was to report macular microvascular measures in healthy Iranian pediatric individuals using OCTA analysis, as well as to assess the factors that may affect this quantitative data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of macular perfusion in healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography

et al. 2021

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Background This study aimed at defining the variance of vessel density (VD) characteristics in the macula of children with normal eyes. Methods This was a cross-sectional study in which subjects with normal eyes aged 3–18 years were enrolled. The macula was scanned by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Four age groups as under 7 years, 7–10 years, 11–14 years and more than 14 years of age were defined. The influences of age, gender, and body mass index on VD were analyzed. Results A total of 108 normal eyes from 54 participants with a mean age of 10.9 years were enrolled in the study. At the superficial and deep retina capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC), respectively, the mean VD of the fovea was 20.10%, 36.99%, and 75.67%; at parafovea, these measurements were 53.12%, 55.81%, and 69.76%; and at perifovea, these measures were 51.38%, 52.46%, and 73.47%. The median foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.30 mm2. No significant differences between superior-hemi VD and inferior-hemi VD were found in the studied plexuses. The VD at parafovea and perifovea CC differed significantly between groups. There was no variation in VD of macular retina and CC between eyes or sex. FAZ areas were different between genders. Conclusions No difference between eyes and genders in the retina and CC VD of macular area was noted. FAZ area was larger in male. Even though this is not a longitudinal study, it may provide us with hints about macular vascular development during puberty and clinical implications of OCTA in children.

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“…OCTA was used to explore pathophysiologic features of certain diseases [ [12][13][14][15][16]]. Most previous studies using OCTA, however, mainly have evaluated normal adult patients [1,4,5,9]. FAZ was reported to be 0.26-0.47 mm using different kinds of OCTA machines at 3 × 3-mm enface AngioScans in the kids between mean age of 8-12 years in different capillary layers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its potential utility, vascular density (VD) data in normal children's eyes is limited, and clinical applications in children are also sparse [1,6,7]. Few research attempted to present children's normative data [6,8,9]. Thus, the objective of this research was to report macular microvascular measures in healthy Iranian pediatric individuals using OCTA analysis, as well as to assess the factors that may affect this quantitative data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Macular Perfusion in Healthy Children Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Ghassemi

Hatami

Salari

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Variations in vessel density (VD) patterns of the macula in children of different ages are unknown.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, subjects with normal eyes aged 3–18 years were enrolled. The macula was scanned by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Four age groups as under 7 years, 7-10 years, 11-14 years and more than 14 years of age were defined. The influences of age, gender, and body mass index on VD were analyzed.Results: A total of 108 normal eyes from 54 participants with a mean age of 10.9 years were enrolled in the study. At the superficial and deep retina capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC), the mean VD of the fovea was 20.10%, 36.99%, and 75.67%, respectively; at parafovea, these measurements were 53.12%, 55.81%, and 69.76%, respectively; and at perifovea, these measures were 51.38%, 52.46%, and 73.47%, respectively. The median foveal avascular zone (FAZ) was 0.28 mm2. No significant differences were found between the superior-hemi and inferior-hemi VD of the studied plexuses. The VD at CC parafovea and perifovea differed significantly between groups. Neither age nor sex affected the VD of macular retina or CC. FAZ areas were different between genders.Conclusions: No difference between eyes and genders in the retina and CC VD of macular area was noted. FAZ area was larger in male. While this study is not a longitudinal study but may give us a hint for the macular vascular development during puberty and clinical applications of OCTA in children.

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Changes in the Retinal Microvasculature Measured Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography According to Age

Cited by 29 publications

References 30 publications

Impact of Axial Eye Size on Retinal Microvasculature Density in the Macular Region

Impact of Axial Eye Size on Retinal Microvasculature Density in the Macular Region

Quantification of macular perfusion in healthy children using optical coherence tomography angiography

Quantification of Macular Perfusion in Healthy Children Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

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