Changes in the rhesus mother-infant relationship through the first four months of life

Simpson, M. J. A.; Simpson, A. E.; Howe, S.

doi:10.1016/s0003-3472(86)80222-6

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…thibetana: Deng & Zhao, 1991;Cercopithecus aethiops: Struhsacker, 1971, Lee 1984Papio anubis: Nash, 1978;Papio cynocephalus: Altmann, 1980). Also the frequency with which the mother carries the infant has been observed to decrease as the infant grows (Nash, 1978;Almann, 1980;Hiraiwa, 1981;Karssermeijer et al, 1990), whereas the frequency of maternal restraint usually peaks between the third and the sixth week (Rosenblum & Kaufman, 1967;Rhine & Hendy-Neely, 1978;Berman, 1980;Kumar & Kurup, 1981;Johnson & Southwick, 1984;Simpson et al, 1986;Deng & Zhao, 1991). Overall, the results reported here confirm these observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Development of mother‐infant relationships in Japanese macaques(Macaca fuscata)

Schino

D’Amato

Angelis

et al. 1993

Bolletino di zoologia

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This study investigates the development of mother-infant relationships in captive Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in order to test the hypothesis that age-related changes in monkey mother-infant interactions are primarily mother-driven. During the first week of their life, infants spent about 90% of the observation time in ventroventral contact with their mother. As the infants grew, time in ventroventral contact decreased progressively. This decrease was associated with an increase in the tendency of the mothers to reject the infants' attempts to gain ventroventral contact and to an increase in the infants' role in maintaining such contact. A decrease in the tendency of the mothers to protect the infants and in the proportion of attuned locomotion due to maternal carrying was also observed. A relatively high degree of developmental consistency was shown to exist in the interdyadic differences observed, but these differences could not be unambiguously ascribed either to differences among mothers or to differences among infants. On the whole, these results confirm the notion that age related changes in macaque motherinfant interactions are primarily due to changes in the behaviour of mothers rather than of infants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Development of mother‐infant relationships in Japanese macaques(Macaca fuscata)

Schino

D’Amato

Angelis

et al. 1993

Bolletino di zoologia

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“…Taken together, these results suggest that at this stage of infant development and under the conditions of this study (i.e., small stable social groups composed of a single cluster or two clusters of kin), infant anxiety is not a major component of the mother-infant relationship, although it may be experimentally induced. In fact, it has been suggested that the presence of kin in the social group and the potential dangers in the environment may affect the mother-infant relationship, e.g., making the mother adopt a more or less restrictive mothering style (Berman, 1980;Simpson, Simpson, & Howe, 1986). Accordingly, it might be argued that, in the relatively safe environment of our captive colony, the infant's attachment to its mother is motivated to a lesser extent by the need for protection and reassurance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anxiety in rhesus monkey infants in relation to interactions with their mother and other social companions

Maestripieri

Martel

Nevison

et al. 1991

Developmental Psychobiology

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In this study the anxiety-related components of rhesus monkey infant behavior at an early stage of social development were examined. Eight rhesus infants (age 30-40 weeks) belonging to 3 captive groups were administered with an anxiogenic drug (beta-CCE; 0.2 mg/kg) and an anxiolytic drug (midazolam; 0.2 mg/kg). Saline solution was used as placebo. All infants were tested twice with each drug (four times with placebo) and their behavioral interactions with their mother and other social companions were recorded in 1-hr observation sessions. No convulsant or sedative effects of the drugs were observed. beta-CCE was associated with an increase in time spent by the infant with its mother and a concomitant reduction in proximity with other individuals and in social play. Midazolam did not affect the mother-infant interaction but increased the infant's locomotor activity away from the mother and its proximity and social play with juveniles and subadults when compared to peers. These results suggest that, although infant anxiety can be experimentally induced, it is not a major component of the mother-infant relationship. Infant anxiety, however, might affect the formation of other social bonds and play a part in the development of avoidance responses toward other individuals.

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“…A major advantage of such indices is that they are largely independent of differences in activity levels, which allows comparison between dyads provided that the frequencies of interaction are sufficiently high for at least one partner [5]. They additionally provide a useful method for condensing all of the changes in proximity into one or two variables, allowing comparisons between dyads, between studies and between species [10][11][12][13]. The devisers of the original indices clearly stated the limitations of using a single index to describe mother-infant relationships [4,10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Proximity Measures to Describe Mother-Infant Relationships

Brown

2001

IJFP

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What are the relative roles of mothers and infants in maintaining proximity with one another? How do the relative roles of the mother and infant change over time? What do proximity measures tell us about the mother-infant relationship? Questions such as these have been addressed using proximity indices devised by Hinde and coworkers in the 1960s. In this paper, I review how these indices are derived and discuss what they do, and do not, infer about the nature of the mother-infant relationship. An additional index is proposed which indicates whether the mother or the infant is responsible for the majority of changes in proximity.

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Changes in the rhesus mother-infant relationship through the first four months of life

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Development of mother‐infant relationships in Japanese macaques(Macaca fuscata)

Development of mother‐infant relationships in Japanese macaques(Macaca fuscata)

Anxiety in rhesus monkey infants in relation to interactions with their mother and other social companions

Using Proximity Measures to Describe Mother-Infant Relationships

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