Changes in the understorey of mixed coniferous forest plant communities dominated by the American black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.)

Halarewicz, Aleksandra; Żołnierz, Ludwik

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2013.11.006

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…P. serotina has been able to invade the European continent owing to its lower demand for nutrients and water compared with bird cherry (Halarewicz & Jackowski, 2011). Our results indicate that increased PM pollution may be an additional factor that affects the observed displacement of P. padus species by the invasive P. serotina in their common habitats (Halarewicz & Żołnierz, 2014). In addition to what is presented in this paper, there are several other reasons why P. padus is endangered compared to the closely-related invasive alien P. serotina.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Particulate matter accumulation – further differences between native Prunus padusand non-native P. serotina

Popek¹,

Łukowski²,

Karolewski³

2017

Dendrobiology

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Particulate matter accumulation -further differences between native Prunus padus and non-native P. serotina Received: 14 April 2017; Accepted: 23 June 2017 Abstract: Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most harmful inhaled pollutants. Where pollutants have been emitted into the atmosphere, the most effective method for cleaning the air is through phytoremediation, whereby plants act as biological filters. PM has a negative impact on plants, but knowledge of PM effects on the photosynthetic apparatus is limited. In European forests, species of the genus Prunus L. play a key role in the composition of the forest understory and urban as well as industrial plantings. Shrubs of the native P. padus L. and closely-related invasive alien P. serotina Ehrh. are particularly widespread. Thus, both are good model species in which to study the impact of PM pollution. The aim of this study was to assess the accumulation of PM in the context of leaf morphology and amount of epicuticular waxes on foliage, and the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus of P. padus and P. serotina. The study was conducted under controlled conditions using two variants of dust, cement and roadside PM. In addition, we analyzed the absorption of dust by leaves dividing it into three fractions by size (10−100 µm, 2.5−10 µm and 0.2−2.5 µm). Results showed that both P. padus and P. serotina accumulate PM mostly on the surface of their leaves ( S PM), rather than in the wax layer ( W PM). P. padus accumulated higher amounts of PM than did P. serotina. The higher presence of PM on leaves of P. padus resulted in a reduction of the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, manifested by lower rates of photosynthesis and chlorophyll a fluorescence, coinciding with an increased stomatal resistance. A strong negative correlation was found between the amount of PM accumulation and the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus in P. padus, but not in P. serotina. We have concluded that alien P. serotina is more tolerant to the conditions of stress caused by PM pollution than is the native P. padus, which may partly explain its success in the invasion in Europe.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Particulate matter accumulation – further differences between native Prunus padusand non-native P. serotina

Popek¹,

Łukowski²,

Karolewski³

2017

Dendrobiology

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“…Similar to our results, a twice higher leaf area index of P. serotina than P. sylvestris was also reported from forests in Belgium [88]. This influence gives P. serotina an impact, especially high in cases of changing species composition of understory vegetation [89,90]. As young regeneration of P. serotina requires light to grow [39,86,91], decrease of light availability would stop further invasion of P. serotina beneath already invaded canopies.…”

Section: Impacts Of Alien Speciessupporting

confidence: 90%

Similar Impacts of Alien and Native Tree Species on Understory Light Availability in a Temperate Forest

Dyderski

Jagodziński

2019

Forests

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Research Highlights: We evaluated influence of alien and native trees and shrubs on stand leaf area index to basal area ratio, indicating that both groups provide similar amounts of foliage. Background and Objectives: Foliage traits determine tree species effect on understory light availability. Direct comparisons of understory light availability due to different foliage traits of tree species are conducted less often at the stand level. We hypothesized that light availability is driven by canopy leaf area, and alien species contribution to canopy foliage will be similar to native species due to analogous patterns of biomass allocation in tree species. Materials and Methods: We studied forests dominated by alien and native tree species in Wielkopolski National Park (Western Poland). We measured light availability using the LAI-2200 canopy analyzer (Li-Cor Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA) and we calculated leaf area index (LAI) in 170 stands using published models of foliage biomass and data on specific leaf area. Results: Our study confirmed an impact of LAI on light availability in the understory layer. Analyzing the proportion of contribution to stand LAI and basal area (BA) we found that most alien species did not differ in LAI to BA ratio from native species. The exception was Prunus serotina Ehrh., with a LAI to BA ratio higher than all native and alien trees. However, the highest LAI to BA ratios we found were for the alien shrub Cotoneaster lucidus Schltdl. and native shrubs of fertile broadleaved forests. Conclusions: Our study showed that alien species contribution to shading the understory is comparable to native species, with the exception of P. serotina due to its dominance in the higher shrub canopy strata where it exhibits different patterns of biomass allocation than native trees. Our study explained that invasive tree species impact on light availability in forest ecosystems is mainly mediated by the increased quantity of foliage, not by more effective LAI to BA ratio.Light interception by canopy is one of the most important drivers of understory functioning. High light availability determines understory productivity [26][27][28]. It is also one of the most important drivers of plant species composition [24,29,30], as well as soil biota [21]. It is also crucial for regeneration of canopy species [31][32][33]. Usually minimum light availability for sapling survival is higher for pioneer tree species than mid-and late-successional tree species [25,34,35]. This value varies light availability under open sky by around 5%-10% [32,36,37].Despite numerous studies confirming light availability limitation by alien species, few studies compare their influence with functionally analogous native competitors. Most studies on invasive plants focused rather on conditions favoring their establishment than their impacts [33,38,39]. For that reason we aimed to assess how much leaf area index (LAI, m 2 of leaves m −2 stand area) determines light availability on the forest floor and whether alien, invasive trees contribute mo...

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“…Currently, the species is naturalized but mostly invasive in much of Central Europe where it typically invades Scots pine-dominated stands. Recent studies have clearly showed the adverse effects of black cherry invasions in forest stands including limiting recruitment of native species (Vanhellemont et al 2010), shifting forest community structure (Halarewicz and Żołnierz 2014) or even changing ecosystem functioning by altering nutrient cycling leading to a reduced carbon sequestration capacity of native species (Aerts et al 2017). Leaves of P. serotina are successfully used as an alternative food source for native insect pests (Karolewski et al 2014) that increases the food base for the insect pests of the native bird cherry (Prunus padus L.).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial genetic structure and clonality of Prunus serotina Ehrh. during invasive spread into Scots pine forests

Dering¹,

Sękiewicz²,

Iszkuło³

et al. 2018

Silva Fenn.

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(2018). Spatial genetic structure and clonal structure of Prunus serotina during invasive spread. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 3 article id 9987. 21 p. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.9987 Highlights• The spread of Prunus serotina in invaded forests is facilitated by high propagule pressure.• The seed shadow overlap prevents strong spatial genetic structure.• During colonization of isolated site, a strong spatial genetic structure is produced due to founder effect.• Overall clonality in P. serotina was low but may efficiently support seedling bank thus contributing to species invasiveness. AbstractPrunus serotina Ehrh. (black cherry) is one of the most important invaders in the European forests, but existing studies have given limited insight into demo-genetic factors underpinning the process of species invasion. Fine-scale genetic structure (FSGS) may deliver important knowledge on genetics of invasion contributing to efficient management of the alien species. Using eight microsatellites we investigated FSGS, clonal structure and relatedness in four black cherry populations which represented different stages of the invasive spread into Scots pine forests. Three populations were in a continuous forest complex and represented the colonization (Z_1) and established stages (Z_2 and Z_3). To investigate how colonization ability of the species is modified by landscape features, we analyzed an isolated population at colonization stage located in limited forest patch located in an agricultural landscape (R). Populations from continuous forest showed low yet significant positive FSGS with Sp = 0.0068 in Z_1, 0.0054 in Z_2, and 0.0066 in Z_3, while in R spatial structure was the strongest (0.0145). Considerable relatedness noted in population R suggests a dominance of within-population mating and recruitments, low immigration rate and limited seed dispersal, all of which led to the observed strong FSGS. Also, we presume that a founder effect likely involved during colonization of isolated forest patch R led to strong FSGS. In contrary, the seed shadow overlap in the populations from continuous forest prevented strong FSGS and facilitated colonization. Despite of low level of clonality, we argue that it may efficiently support black cherry seedling bank contributing to species invasiveness.

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Changes in the understorey of mixed coniferous forest plant communities dominated by the American black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.)

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Particulate matter accumulation – further differences between native Prunus padusand non-native P. serotina

Particulate matter accumulation – further differences between native Prunus padusand non-native P. serotina

Similar Impacts of Alien and Native Tree Species on Understory Light Availability in a Temperate Forest

Spatial genetic structure and clonality of Prunus serotina Ehrh. during invasive spread into Scots pine forests

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