Changes in vagal afferent drive alter tracheobronchial coughing in anesthetized cats

Simera, Michal; Poliaček, Ivan; Veternik, Marcel; Babalova, Lucia; Kotmanova, Zuzana; Jakus, J

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2016.05.008

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This finding is consistent with the proposed role of rNTS structures in cough rhythmogenesis as well as the development of the cough inspiratory phase and the transition from inspiration to expiration (Poliacek et al, 2017a), Indeed, a reduced cough afferent drive by unilateral vagal cooling (Simera et al, 2016) as well as blockage of glutamate neurotransmission in the region (Poliacek et al, 2017a) resulted in marked prolongation of the time interval between inspiratory and expiratory peaks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Nonspecific blockage of neurotransmission with kynurenic acid, however, induced extreme increases in TDIA and CTI along with TI − apneustic breathing (Poliacek et al, 2017a). Prolongations of TDIA and CTI resulted from reduced cough afferent drive by unilateral vagal cooling (Simera et al, 2016) that would be consistent with a possible inhibition of 2nd order cough neurons induced by the microinjections in the present study. Another potential mechanism of CTI prolongation represents the activity of P cells which are 2nd order neurons from slowly-adapting pulmonary stretch receptors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Wang et al, 1982) including control of afferent drives onto 2nd order interneurons in this region of the medulla (Ezure et al, 1999; Miyazaki et al, 1999; Fernandes et al, 2011) and possibly by a direct action at the 2nd order cough neurons (Cinelli et al, 2016). The reduction of cough afferent drive due to unilateral cooling of the vagus nerve resulted in a qualitatively similar suppression of coughing (Simera et al, 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A reduction in vagal afferent input (unilateral vagal cooling) resulted in a marked prolongation of CTE and CTE1 (Simera et al, 2016). The determining component of CTtot is CTE2 (Wang et al, 2009; Pitts et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GABA-ergic neurotransmission in the nucleus of the solitary tract modulates cough in the cat

Kotmanova

Simera

Veternik

et al. 2018

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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GABA, muscimol, and baclofen were microinjected into the rostral (rNTS) and caudal solitary tract nucleus (cNTS) in 24 anesthetized cats. Electromyograms (EMGs) of diaphragm (DIA) and abdominal muscles (ABD), blood pressure and esophageal pressure (EP) were recorded and analysed. Bilateral microinjections of 1 mM GABA (total 66 ± 4 nl), 1 mM baclofen (64 ± 4 nl) and unilateral microinjections of 0.5 mM muscimol (33 ± 1 nl) in the rNTS significantly reduced cough number (CN), amplitudes of ABD EMGs, expiratory EP, and prolonged the duration of the cough inspiratory phase. GABA microinjections decreased the amplitudes of cough-related DIA EMGs and inspiratory EP; muscimol microinjections decreased the cough DIA EMG on the contralateral side. Only microinjections of GABA into the cNTS suppressed CN. In some cases, microinjections prolonged the inspiratory phase, lowered respiratory rate, changed the depth of breathing, and increased blood pressure and heart rate. Our results confirm that GABA-ergic inhibitory mechanisms in the rNTS can regulate coughing in the anesthetized cat.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

GABA-ergic neurotransmission in the nucleus of the solitary tract modulates cough in the cat

Kotmanova

Simera

Veternik

et al. 2018

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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“…Thus, C-fibers may be especially relevant to coughing associated with airway inflammation and inhalation of environmental irritants. Further support for the inhibitory role of vagal C-fibers on mechanically-induced cough in anesthetized cats has recently derived from the results of the study by Simera et al, 2016. The "cough receptors" (Canning et al, 2004(Canning et al, , 2006a are innervated by slowly conducting Aδ-fibers and are sensitive to punctate mechanical stimuli and acid, but unresponsive to changes in luminal pressure, to capsaicin, bradykinin or hypertonic saline and, like Aδ RARs, do not express transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels under normal healthy conditions.…”

Section: Cough-related Afferent Fibersmentioning

confidence: 90%

Brainstem mechanisms underlying the cough reflex and its regulation

Mutolo

2017

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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A B S T R A C TCough is a very important airway protective reflex. Cough-related inputs are conveyed to the caudal nucleus tractus solitarii (cNTS) that projects to the brainstem respiratory network. The latter is reconfigured to generate the cough motor pattern. A high degree of modulation is exerted on second-order neurons and the brainstem respiratory network by sensory inputs and higher brain areas. Two medullary structures proved to have key functions in cough production and to be strategic sites of action for centrally active drugs: the cNTS and the caudal ventral respiratory group (cVRG). Drugs microinjected into these medullary structures caused downregulation or upregulation of the cough reflex. The results suggest that inhibition and disinhibition are prominent regulatory mechanisms of this reflex and that both the cNTS and the cVRG are essential in the generation of the entire cough motor pattern. Studies on the basic neural mechanisms subserving the cough reflex may provide hints for novel therapeutic approaches. Different proposals for further investigations are advanced.

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