Changes of Haematological Indices of Juvenile Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) under the Influence of Natural Populations of Cyanobacterial Water Blooms

Abstract

The aim of the presented paper was to evaluate the effect of cyanobacterial water blooms common in eutrophic reservoirs on blood indices of carp. A total of 180 individuals of juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) of the average body mass 36.9 g (1996) and 26.3 g (1997) were used in the experiments. The experimental fish were exposed to 4 different natural populations of cyanobacterial water blooms.In 1996, the populations of filamentous cyanobacteria (WB I) formed by Anabaena flos-aquae (90 %) and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (10 %) at a concentration of 5.6 × 10 4 -3.2 × 10 5 cells . ml -1 without the presence of microcystins and colonial cyanobacteria Microcystis ichthyoblabe (80 %) with subdominant Microcystis aeruginosa (20 %) (WB II) at a concentration of 2.6 × 10 5 -3.6 × 10 6 cells⋅ml -1 with detected Microcystin LR (17.2 µg . g -1 of dry mass) were used. Exposure time was 168 h for filamentous species and 96 h for colonial species. In 1997 the monospecies population of filamentous cyanobacteria Anabaena flos-aquae (WB III) at a concentration of 5.3 × 10 4 -7.9 × 10 4 cells . ml -1 containing two different microcystins (total concentration 56.06 µg . g -1 of dry mass) and water bloom (WB IV) formed by colonial species Microcystis ichthyoblabe (40 %) and Microcystis aeruginosa (30 %) with filamentous Anabaena flos-aquae (30 %) at a concentration of 1.8 × 10 6 -1.4 × 10 7 cells . ml -1 which contained three microcystins (total concentration 289.3 µg . g -1 of dry mass) were used. Both populations were exposed for 48 h. Control fish in both tests were kept in treated drinking water infused 24 h before the start of the experiment.Haematological examination showed significant changes (p < 0.05) in leukocrit (BC) of fish exposed to the cyanobacterial population WB I, and in haematocrit (PCV) values, total protein concentration (TP), ALT and AST activities in fish exposed to the population WB II as compared to control fish. LDH activity in blood plasma of carp exposed to cyanobacterial population WB II was increased (p < 0.01) as compared to control fish. TP values from cyanobacterial populations WB III a WB IV were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) and values of ALT activities increased (p < 0.01). Moreover, significant increase (p < 0.05) of AST activity was recorded for fish exposed to cyanobacterial water bloom WB III.The observations confirmed adverse effects of cyanobacterial biomass on juvenile carp. The effect of toxic water bloom populations was manifested by changes of blood plasma indices. Toxins supply here water the role of catalyzers enhancing the negative influence of toxic high ammonia values. Carp, cyanotoxins, water blooms, plasma enzymesCyanobacteria as photosynthesizing organisms produce biologically active compounds that may affect growth and development of other water organisms and physical and chemical characteristics of water ( M ar‰álek and Turánek 1996). Great attention has recently been paid to the impact of cyanobacterial toxins on fish. Clinical symptoms of poisoning, pathological changes ...

Modulation of Biochemical and Haematological Indices of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Val.) Exposed to Toxic Cyanobacterial Water Bloom

“…Values of haematological and biochemical indices in this work do not correspond well with the results published by other authors (Rabergh et al 1991;Tencalla et al 1994;Carbis et al 1996Carbis et al , 1997Navrátil et al 1998;Kopp and Heteša, 2000;Kopp et al 2005;Li et al 2004Li et al , 2007Zhang et al 2008;Qiu et al 2009). Differences were mainly due to the different ways of toxin and cyanobacterial cell biomass administration, alterations in the physiological status of the cyanobacterial water bloom populations and different sensibility of fish species.…”

“…Changes of total protein under the influence of cyanobacterial populations were reduced in the common carp (Kopp and Heteša 2000) and were not changed in the silver carp (Kopp et al 2005). The values of total protein concentration in our experiment were significantly decreased.…”

“…A significant increase in the activities of ALT, AST and LDH after intraperitoneal or oral administration of microcystin-LR to the carp was observed (Bury et al 1997;Navrátil et al 1998;Malbrouck et al 2003;Li et al 2004). Kopp and Heteša (2000) reported that the activity of blood plasma enzymes increased after exposing the common carp for 96-h to natural cyanobacterial population. Carbis et al (1996) noted a delay of toxic manifestation in fish exposed to water with dispersed microcystin.…”

“…The changes of haematological and biochemical indices in fish could be caused by chemical factors (Kopp and Heteša 2000;Lusková et al 2002;Pepeljnjak et al 2003), age, health and body condition (Svetina et al 2002), nutrition (Serpunin 1995) or stress (Dobšíková et al 2006).…”

First results on Microcystis ichthyoblabe Kütz. toxic bloom in the hypertrophic Oued Mellah reservoir (Morocco)

“…For Moroccan waters, we have inventoried ¡this species for the first time in June 1997 in the Oued Mellah lake. It was noted in Europe by Huber-Pestallozi (1938) in the Baltic sea, in Greece by Gkelis et al (2000), in Czechoslovakia by Kopp & Hetesa (2000) and quoted by Tilden (1909) in some American lakes. In Japanese lakes, Komarek (1991) reported 26 citations of this species.…”