Changes of leaf morphology in Betula pendula roth and B. pubescens Ehrh. along a zonal-climatic transect in the Urals and Western Siberia

Мигалина, С. В.; Иванова, Л. А.; Makhnev, A. K.

doi:10.1134/s106741361004003x

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, they constitute the main group of secondary metabolites of downy birch (Isidorov et al 2014b ). These reports do not specify how the birch species were identified, and it is possible they were misidentified given the taxonomic problems in the Betula L. genus (Migalina et al 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Behaviour of Honeybees in Acquiring European Propolis Plant Precursors

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Honey bees harvest resins from various plant species and use them in the hive as propolis. While there have been a number of studies concerning the chemical composition of this antimicrobial product, little is known about selective behavior and bee preference when different potential plant sources of resin are available. The main objective of this paper was to investigate some aspects of behavioral patterns of honeybees in the context of resin acquisition. Samples of propolis originating from temperate zones of Europe and the supposed botanical precursors of the product were analyzed. Taxonomical markers of bud resins of two white birch species, aspen, black poplar, horse-chestnut, black alder, and Scots pine were determined through GC-MS analysis. All these trees have been reported as sources of propolis, but comparisons of the chemical composition of their bud resins with the compositions of propolis samples from seven European countries have demonstrated the presence of taxonomical markers only from black poplar, aspen, and one species of birch. This suggests selective behavior during the collection of bud resins by honeybees. To examine the causes of such selectivity, the antimicrobial properties of bud resins were determined. Horse-chestnut resins had lower antimicrobial activity than the other resins which did not differ significantly.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10886-016-0708-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Behaviour of Honeybees in Acquiring European Propolis Plant Precursors

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Early Eocene paleobotanical proxy data used for this study are sourced from fossil megaflora (i.e., fossil leaves and other organs) from multiple fossil localities from the northern midlatitudes (48.3-51.2 • N) and high latitudes (61.4-81.4 • N) of North America, primarily within Canada but also including sites from Washington state and Alaska (Table 1). In general, the majority of the fossil localities used for this study were within a few degrees latitude of their present position, as North America has moved obliquely past the rotational pole since the Eocene (McKenna, 1980;van Hinsbergen et al, 2015). As the resulting slight poleward displacement is not significant for the present work, we report modern latitudes for the compilation of fossil localities within this study to avoid discrepancies in differing methods of estimating paleolatitudes.…”

Section: Fossil Plant Localitiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Paleobotanical proxies for early Eocene climates and ecosystems in northern North America from middle to high latitudes

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Early Eocene climates were globally warm, with ice-free conditions at both poles. Early Eocene polar landmasses supported extensive forest ecosystems of a primarily temperate biota but also with abundant thermophilic elements, such as crocodilians, and mesothermic taxodioid conifers and angiosperms. The globally warm early Eocene was punctuated by geologically brief hyperthermals such as the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), culminating in the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum (EECO), during which the range of thermophilic plants such as palms extended into the Arctic. Climate models have struggled to reproduce early Eocene Arctic warm winters and high precipitation, with models invoking a variety of mechanisms, from atmospheric CO2 levels that are unsupported by proxy evidence to the role of an enhanced hydrological cycle, to reproduce winters that experienced no direct solar energy input yet remained wet and above freezing. Here, we provide new estimates of climate and compile existing paleobotanical proxy data for upland and lowland midlatitude sites in British Columbia, Canada, and northern Washington, USA, and from high-latitude lowland sites in Alaska and the Canadian Arctic to compare climatic regimes between the middle and high latitudes of the early Eocene – spanning the PETM to the EECO – in the northern half of North America. In addition, these data are used to reevaluate the latitudinal temperature gradient in North America during the early Eocene and to provide refined biome interpretations of these ancient forests based on climate and physiognomic data.

show abstract

“…Shrub-like birch with intermediate or hybridlike morphology is also known to be common in regions characterized by cold climates, such as Fennoscandia, the highland areas of Scandinavia, other mountain regions of Europe, and southern Greenland [54][55][56][57] . In the northern part of the Urals and Western Siberia, in the region of forest tundrataiga, changes in leaf parameters in B. pubescens including shape and complexity were found to correlate with climatic conditions such as long-term average temperatures 58 ; this may have physiological advantages, especially in photosynthesis. Such morphological differentiation is likely to be driven by the introgressive hybridization process, if the introgressant types are more adaptable (or more tolerant) to environmental pressure and habitats such as those found in Iceland and elsewhere in the subarctic regions.…”

Section: Hybrid Introgression In Birch -Botanical and Molecular Invesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hybrid introgression: the outcomes of gene flow in birch

Anamthawat‐Jónsson¹

2019

ScienceAsia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding life history of natural forest and woodland is important as we need to prepare for, to cope with and to tackle problems associated with the ongoing global environmental changes. The present paper focuses on one of the world's terrestrial biomes, the arctic tundra, which is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons. A severe threat to tundra is global warming, which causes permafrost to melt affecting species survival, and which releases soil-bound carbon in the form of greenhouse gases. Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses and lichens-a woodland type of vegetation dominated primarily by birch shrubs. The aim of this paper is to summarize and highlight my thirty three years of genetic studies of birch woodlands in Iceland, from the discovery of introgressive hybridization in birch and estimating the extent of introgression, to uncovering past hybridization events since the end of the last glaciation about 9000 years ago. The studies use different approaches, from cytogenetic and botanical, to molecular and palynological. The overall results show clearly that hybridization between B. nana and B. pubescens is widespread in Iceland; the resulting gene flow via introgressive hybridization is bi-directional; and that the process is continuous through time and space. Iceland could be considered a birch hybrid zone, harbouring genetic variation which may be advantageous in subarctic regions. However, waves of hybridization associated with climate warming could drive one of the species into extinction.

show abstract

Changes of leaf morphology in Betula pendula roth and B. pubescens Ehrh. along a zonal-climatic transect in the Urals and Western Siberia

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Selective Behaviour of Honeybees in Acquiring European Propolis Plant Precursors

Selective Behaviour of Honeybees in Acquiring European Propolis Plant Precursors

Paleobotanical proxies for early Eocene climates and ecosystems in northern North America from middle to high latitudes

Hybrid introgression: the outcomes of gene flow in birch

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About