“…The kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence is a very informative tool that is used for the noninvasive analysis of the effects of different environmental stresses such as Cd toxicity on photosynthesis (Baker, 2008;Kalaji et al, 2012; Kalaji, Govindjee, Bosa, Ko scielniak, & _ Zuk-Gołaszewska, 2011; Kalaji, Oukarroum, et al, 2014;Kalaji, Schansker, et al, 2014;Rungrat et al, 2016;Sitko et al, 2017;Strasser, Tsimili-Michael, & Srivastava, 2004). Moreover, measuring the chlorophyll, flavonol and anthocyanin content has become a popular method for quickly analyzing the plant physiological status both in the field and in laboratory conditions (Gonzalez-Mendoza et al, 2017;Sitko et al, 2017;Szopi nski et al, 2019).…”