Changes of precipitation acidity related to sulfur and nitrogen deposition in forests across three continents in north hemisphere over last two decades

Chang, Chih-Hsiung; Yang, Ci-Jian; Huang, Ko Han; Huang, Jing; Lin, Teng Chiu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150552

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Thus, only the whole view of trajectories was used in this study. As a result of the concurrent declines of SO 2− 4 and NO − 3 and Ca 2+ and NH + 4 [5], the pH of precipitation remained relatively stable, mostly between 4.4 and 4.8 but seemed to increase gradually to 5.0 between 2015 and 2020 (figure 2(c)).…”

Section: Hypslit Backward Trajectory Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For the four EANET forest sites of Japan and South Korea, the monthly and annual wet deposition chemistry data including sulfate and nitrate between 2000 and 2019 were obtained from the EANET website (www.eanet.asia/). The precipitation chemistry datasets were based on weekly collections and have been compiled to monthly and annual basis after data processing with standard processes such as ion balance and collection efficiency check of annual rainfall greater than 70% as proposed by World Meteorological Organization [5,28].…”

Section: Precipitation Chemistry Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results suggest that although air pollution control measures adopted in Taiwan effectively reduced the emissions of SO 2 and NO x , and their concentrations in the atmosphere, they have a limited effect on reducing acid deposition in winter when the contribution from LRT is high. Because Taiwan is located only 150 km off southeast coast of China, the local air conditions are affected by anthropogenic emissions from East Asia during the winter, particularly when northeast monsoon is prevailing [5,45]. The rainwater chemistry of a high-altitude remote background site (2862 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The annual mean deposition of sulfate and nitrate across China was 11 kg S ha −1 yr −1 and 3 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, and could reach 30 kg S ha −1 yr −1 and 10 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in eastern China during 2011-2016 [3,4]. To put it in a global context, the highest mean annual deposition of sulfate and nitrate was 8 kg S ha −1 yr −1 and 4 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, in the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) network and 9 kg S ha −1 yr −1 and 8 kg N ha −1 yr −1 , respectively, in the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) network between 1999 and 2018 [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-term monitoring is among the most powerful and direct measures to detect changes in precipitation chemistry and validate the effectiveness of pollution control policies [17]. The changes in precipitation acidity at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in relation to the enforcement of the Clean Air Act and Clean Air Act Amendments is an excellent example of the power of long-term environmental monitoring [5,18]. Long-term records of atmospheric deposition tracing back to 1990s are rare in East Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia

Chang

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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East Asia currently has the largest SO2 and NOx emissions in the world. The long-range transport (LRT) of acidic pollutants in this region is of great concern but the extent is not well understood. Here results from combined long-term ( 20 years) atmospheric deposition monitoring and air trajectory analysis in East Asia were reported. The results showed that despite the large decrease of SO2 and NOx emissions in Taiwan, annual deposition of non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO42-) in northern Taiwan showed no decreasing trend during 1994-2020. However, when divided seasonally, both nss-SO42- and nitrate (NO3-) deposition had a significant decreasing trend in the summer but not in the winter. Similar patterns were found for Japan and Korea. Air trajectory models in combination with a regional emission map indicate that LRT from eastern China contributed up to 70% of the winter deposition of nss-SO42- and NO3- in Taiwan and up to 50% in Japan and Korea. The results indicate that LRT obscured the efficacy of local pollution control measures in East Asia and suggest that transboundary air pollution regulations are required to combat acid deposition.

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Section: Hypslit Backward Trajectory Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Precipitation Chemistry Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia

Chang

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Long-term Changes in Sulfate and Nitrate Concentrations in Streams in Western Japan Between 1986 and 2023 in Response to Changes in Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition from the Atmosphere

Li,

Fu,

Kasahara

et al. 2024

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Wet depositions of cations in forests across NADP, EMEP, and EANET monitoring networks over the last two decades

Chang

Yang

Huang

2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Studies focused on emissions and acid deposition of sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) and the consequent precipitation acidity have a long history. However, atmospheric depositions of cations play a critical role in buffering precipitation acidity, and providing cationic nutrients for vegetation growth lacks sufficient studies equally. The spatiotemporal patterns of cation depositions and their neutralization potential across broad scales remain unclear. Through synthesizing the long-term data in forest sites (n = 128) derived from three monitoring networks (NADP in Northern America, EMEP in Europe, and EANET in East Asia) on wet deposition of cations (Na+, NH4-N, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+), this study assesses the temporal changes and spatial patterns of cation depositions and their neutralization potential over the last two decades. The results showed that the depositions of cationic nutrients were considerably higher in EANET compared to NADP and EMEP. The depositions of sea salt-associated sodium exhibited a significant transition from marine (> 15 kg ha−1 year−1) to inland (< 3.0 kg ha−1 year−1) forest sites attributable to the precipitation quantity and influences of sea spray. The higher emissions of NH3 and particulate matter in East Asia explained the higher cation depositions in EANET than NADP and EMEP. The annual trends of cations revealed that only 20–30% of the forest sites showed significant changing trends and the sites widely spread across the three networks. Possibly, base cation (BC) deposition has reached a low and stable condition in NADP and EMEP, while it has high spatial heterogeneity in the temporal change in EANET. The difference in BC deposition among the three networks reflects their distinct development of economy. Our synthesis indicates that the annual trends of neutralization factor (NF) in NADP can be explained by the declining of acid potential (AP), not by neutralization potential (NP) as BC deposition has been stably low over the past two decades. Whereas, the concurrent decreases of AP and NP in EMEP or plateau period of both AP and NP in EANET have come to a standstill of acid neutralizing capacity.

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Changes of precipitation acidity related to sulfur and nitrogen deposition in forests across three continents in north hemisphere over last two decades

Cited by 29 publications

References 91 publications

On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia

On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia

Long-term Changes in Sulfate and Nitrate Concentrations in Streams in Western Japan Between 1986 and 2023 in Response to Changes in Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition from the Atmosphere

Wet depositions of cations in forests across NADP, EMEP, and EANET monitoring networks over the last two decades

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