Changes of tissue creatine concentrations upon oral supplementation of creatine-monohydrate in various animal species

Ipsiroglu, O.; Stromberger, Carmen; Ilas, Josenato; Höger, Harald; Mühl, Adolf; Stöckler‐Ipsiroglu, Sylvia

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)01268-1

Cited by 110 publications

(92 citation statements)

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“…This, of course, presumes that the Cr "off" rate is much slower than the internalization process once Cr is bound to the external side of the transporter. This is consistent with greater relative Cr accumulation in tissues with low initial [Cr] i , such as the liver and kidney, compared with tissues with high [Cr] i , such as skeletal and cardiac muscle (21,23). A third potential explanation is acute modulation of CrT by posttranslational modification.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…For example, PCr or Cr total content may be decreased in muscle because of neuromuscular disease (36), heart failure (29), or by Cr analog feeding (13,38). Conversely, PCr and/or Cr total content may be increased in humans and animals by dietary Cr supplementation (19,23,26) or in myocyte culture by increasing extracellular Cr concentration (24,30). Despite these observations and the integral role that Cr and PCr play in energy management, it is still unclear how the Cr total of skeletal muscle is controlled.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Muscle creatine uptake and creatine transporter expression in response to creatine supplementation and depletion

Brault

Abraham

Terjung

2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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The total creatine pool size [Crtotal; creatine (Cr) + phosphocreatine (PCr)] is crucial for optimal energy utilization in skeletal muscle, especially at the onset of exercise and during intense contractions. The Crtotal likely is controlled by long-term modulation of Cr uptake via the sodium-dependent Cr transporter (CrT). To test this hypothesis, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 1% Cr, their muscle Crtotal was reduced by ∼85% [1% β-guanidinoproprionic acid (β-GPA)], or their muscle Crtotal was repleted (1% Cr after β-GPA depletion). Cr uptake was assessed by skeletal muscle 14C-Cr accumulation to Cr and PCr by using hindlimb perfusion, and CrT protein content was assessed by Western blot. Cr uptake rate decreased with dietary Cr supplementation in the white gastrocnemius (WG; 45%) only. Depletion of muscle Crtotal to ∼15% of normal increased Cr uptake in the soleus (21%) and red gastrocnemius (22%), corresponding to 70–150% increases in muscle CrT content. In contrast, the inherently lower Cr uptake rate in the WG was unchanged with depletion of muscle Crtotal even though CrT band density was increased by 230%. Thus there was no direct relationship between apparent muscle CrT abundance and Cr uptake rates. However, Cr uptake rates scaled inversely with decreases in muscle Crtotal in the high-oxidative muscle types but not in the WG. This implies that factors controlling Cr uptake are different among fiber types. These observations may help explain the influence of initial muscle Crtotal, time dependency, and variations in muscle Crtotal accumulation during Cr supplementation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle creatine uptake and creatine transporter expression in response to creatine supplementation and depletion

Brault

Abraham

Terjung

2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…It has been shown in rat and other animal species that a creatine supplementation period of 2 ± 4 weeks at the dosage used in this study is necessary and su cient to signi®cantly augment the creatine pool to its maximal size. 28 Surgical procedures and postoperative care Rats were anesthetized using a combination of Dormicum (0.5 mg midazolam/100 g bw, Roche) and Hypnorm (0.025 mg fentanyl and 0.8 mg¯uanosine/ 100 g bw; Janssen). As antibiotic prophylaxis Baytril (0.005 mg enro¯oxacinum/100 g bw; Bayer) was given.…”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study with several animal species the elevation by creatine supplementation of total creatine into various organs including the brain has been con®rmed by chemical analysis. 28 In this study, creatine was used as a substrate to increase the cellular energy status with the goal to reduce secondary tissue loss by bu ering the intracellular energy levels following an SCI. To test this hypothesis, adult rats were fed with a creatinesupplemented diet for 4 weeks before undergoing a moderate contusion of the spinal cord.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of oral creatine supplementation on spinal cord injury in rats

et al. 2002

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Study design: To evaluate a potential protective e ect of increased creatine levels in spinal cord injury (SCI) in an animal model. Objectives: Acute SCI initiates a series of cellular and molecular events in the injured tissue leading to further damage in the surrounding area. This secondary damage is partly due to ischemia and a fatal intracellular loss of energy. Phospho-creatine in conjunction with the creatine kinase isoenzyme system acts as a potent intracellular energy bu er. Oral creatine supplementation has been shown to elevate the phospho-creatine content in brain and muscle tissue, leading to neuroprotective e ects and increased muscle performance. Setting: Zurich, Switzerland. Methods: Twenty adult rats were fed for 4 weeks with or without creatine supplemented nutrition before undergoing a moderate spinal cord contusion. Results: Following an initial complete hindlimb paralysis, rats of both groups substantially recovered within 1 week. However, creatine fed animals scored 2.8 points better than the controls in the BBB open ®eld locomotor score (11.9 and 9.1 points respectively after 1 week; P=0.035, and 13 points compared to 11.4 after 2 weeks). The histological examination 2 weeks after SCI revealed that in all rats a cavity had developed which was comparable in size between the groups. In creatine fed rats, however, a signi®cantly smaller amount of scar tissue surrounding the cavity was found. Conclusions: Thus creatine treatment seems to reduce the spread of secondary injury. Our results favour a pretreatment of patients with creatine for neuroprotection in cases of elective intramedullary spinal surgery. Further studies are needed to evaluate the bene®t of immediate creatine administration in case of acute spinal cord or brain injury.

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“…A partir de 1967, o papel da creatina durante o exercício e na sua recuperação passou a ser investigado (3)(4)(5) . O conteúdo celular de creatina pode variar de acordo com a dieta e principalmente decorrente do uso de suplementos alimentares a base de creatina (6,7) . A diminuição dos níveis teciduais de creatina tem sido associada a uma série de doenças, razão pela qual os efeitos da suplementação vem sendo estudados, tanto em modelos experimentais quanto em estudos clínicos (8)(9)(10)(11) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeitos da suplementação oral com creatina sobre o metabolismo e a morfologia hepática em ratos

Vieira

França

Carvalho

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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A creatina é uma amina nitrogenada e tem sido utilizada principalmente por atletas e praticantes de atividade física que desejam aumentar a massa muscular e o desempenho físico. Entretanto seu uso não está somente relacionado à prática esportiva, pois inúmeros trabalhos apresentam efeitos benéficos na prática médica. Alguns estudos demonstraram que a suplementação oral com creatina resulta em aumento da sua biodisponibilidade plasmática e também de seus estoques em inúmeros órgãos. Entretanto, estudos sobre possíveis efeitos tóxicos da suplementação com creatina são escassos. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os possíveis efeitos tóxicos da suplementação oral com creatina sobre a função e morfologia hepáticas em ratos após 14 dias de suplementação oral com creatina na dose de 0.5 g/kg/dia. A função hepática foi avaliada através de testes bioquímicos e a estrutura hepática foi avaliada através da massa hepática relativa e da análise histológica. Os resultados demonstraram que 14 dias de suplementação com creatina não alteraram a função hepática quando comparado os grupos controle e suplementado: AST (39.5 x 44.4 U/L), ALT (18.6 x 30.8 U/L), ALP (38.5 x 31.4 U/L), GGT (134.8 x 143.8 U/L), proteínas totais (5.1 x 5.5 g/dl), triglicérides (141.0 x 141.0 mg/dl), colesterol total (130.1 x 126.2 mg/dl), colesterol LDL (36.1 x 36.1 mg/dl), colesterol HDL (65.6 x 62.4 mg/dl), colesterol VLDL (25.0 x 28.0 mg/dl), e também estrutura hepática, exceto nos níveis plasmáticos de albumina (3.0 x 3.5 mg/dl - p<0.02). Nossos resultados demonstraram claramente que, ao menos na dose utilizada, a suplementação oral com creatina não induziu a nenhum tipo de efeito tóxico sobre o fígado.

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Changes of tissue creatine concentrations upon oral supplementation of creatine-monohydrate in various animal species

Cited by 110 publications

References 0 publications

Muscle creatine uptake and creatine transporter expression in response to creatine supplementation and depletion

Muscle creatine uptake and creatine transporter expression in response to creatine supplementation and depletion

Protective effects of oral creatine supplementation on spinal cord injury in rats

Efeitos da suplementação oral com creatina sobre o metabolismo e a morfologia hepática em ratos

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