Changes on Self-Report Measures of Public Speaking Anxiety Following Treatment With Thought Field Therapy

Schoninger, Beverly; Hartung, John

doi:10.9769/epj.2010.2.1.bs

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…While Division 12 has not yet evaluated any of the evidence for energy psychology in published reports, clinical conditions for which acupoint stimulation protocols appear-based on the studies presented above-to meet the criteria for designation as a "well-established treatment" include phobias (Wells, et al, 2003;Salas, Brooks, & Rowe, 2011) and test-taking anxiety (Rubino, in press;Sezgin & Özcan, 2009). Acupoint protocols appear to meet the criteria for designation as a "probably efficacious treatment" for PTSD (Church et al, 2011;Church, Hawk et al, in press;Connolly and Sakai, 2011;Karatzias et al, 2011), depression (Brattberg, 2008;Church, De Asis, et al, in press;Karatzias et al, 2011), and public speaking anxiety (Schoninger and Hartung, 2010;Jones, Thornton, & Andrews, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determining the magnitude of an effect is accomplished by a calculation of the effect size, often as "Cohen's d" or "eta squared" (Cohen, 1998). Seven of the eight studies that reported Cohen's d (Baker & Siegel, 2010;Church, De Asis et al, in press;Irgens et al, in press;Karatzias et al, 2011;Salas et al, 2011;Schoninger & Hartung, 2010;Wells et al, 2003) had at least one salient clinical outcome with d > .8, indicating large effect sizes. The other study (Stapleton et al, 2012) reported a moderate effect size.…”

Section: Use Of Placebo or Active Ingredient Comparison Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two RCTs have shown acupoint tapping to produce statistically significant improvement with public speaking anxiety. Schoninger and Hartung (2010) tracked outcomes after a single TFT session of up to 30 minutes was administered to 48 individuals reporting a fear of public speaking. Participants were randomly assigned to a treatment group or a delayed treatment group.…”

Section: Evidence By Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The durability of treatment benefits can be determined by assessing the condition originally measured after a specified period of time. Eight of the 18 RCTs included follow-up investigation, with seven of these repeating the original pre/post treatment measures and one (Schoninger & Hartung, 2010) relying only on follow-up interviews. Schoninger and Hartung found that 28 of 31 participants reported sustained improvement 5 months after the treatment.…”

Section: Use Of Placebo or Active Ingredient Comparison Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acupoint Stimulation in Treating Psychological Disorders: Evidence of Efficacy

Feinstein

2012

Review of General Psychology

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Energy psychology is a clinical and self-help modality that combines verbal and physical procedures for effecting therapeutic change. While utilizing established clinical methods such as exposure and cognitive restructuring, the approach also incorporates concepts and techniques from non-Western healing systems. Its most frequently utilized protocols combine the stimulation of acupuncture points (by tapping on, holding, or massaging them) with the mental activation of a targeted psychological issue. Energy psychology has been controversial, in part due to its reliance on explanatory mechanisms that are outside of conventional clinical frameworks and in part because of claims by its early proponents-without adequate research support-of extraordinary speed and power in attaining positive clinical outcomes. This paper revisits some of the field's early claims, as well as current practices, and assesses them in the context of existing evidence. A literature search identified 51 peer-reviewed papers that report or investigate clinical outcomes following the tapping of acupuncture points to address psychological issues. The 18 randomized controlled trials in this sample were critically evaluated for design quality, leading to the conclusion that they consistently demonstrated strong effect sizes and other positive statistical results that far exceed chance after relatively few treatment sessions. Criteria for evidence-based treatments proposed by Division 12 of the American Psychological Association were also applied and found to be met for a number of conditions, including PTSD and depression. Neurological mechanisms that may be involved in these surprisingly strong findings are also considered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Use Of Placebo or Active Ingredient Comparison Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence By Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Use Of Placebo or Active Ingredient Comparison Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acupoint Stimulation in Treating Psychological Disorders: Evidence of Efficacy

Feinstein

2012

Review of General Psychology

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“…Where means and standard deviations were not available in the study (Jones, Thornton, & Andrews, 2010;Schoninger & Hartung, 2010;Waite & Holder, 2003), other statistics (sample size and pvalue) were used to calculate the effect size using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (CMA) version 2.2057 (Borenstein, Hedges, Higgins, & Rothstein, 2009). In a number of studies standard error (SE) was reported and this was converted to standard deviation (SD) by multiplying the SE by the square root of the sample size minus one.…”

Section: Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%