Changing ecological and cultural states and preferences of nature conservation policy: The case of nature values trade in South-Western Finland

Paloniemi, Riikka; Vilja, Varho

doi:10.1016/j.jrurstud.2008.06.004

Cited by 47 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We define success not only by positive ecological outcomes but also by positive social, cultural and political outcomes. These instruments have been viewed as acceptable and legitimate amongst those affected and, consequently, have had positive effects on how biodiversity and its protection have been perceived (Paloniemi and Varho 2009, Horne et al 2006, Suvantola 2013.…”

Section: Approach and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do some institutional arrangements succeed? Voluntary protection of forest biodiversity in Southwestern Finland and of the Golden Eagle in Finnish Lapland

Hiedanpää¹,

Borgström²

2014

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Despite global, regional, and national policy efforts, biodiversity is on the decline worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to explore the critically important institutional and social features of those economic instruments that in practice motivate beneficiaries and stakeholders to protect biodiversity. The paper presents two case studies: the natural values trading (NVT) scheme in southwestern Finland and the protection of the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) in Finnish Lapland. NVT builds upon the voluntary actions of landowners, payments for ecosystem services, and a fixed-term period of protection (ten years). The protection of the golden eagle is based on tolerance payments. This paper combines legal studies and institutional economics to abduct the reasons underlying the success of both cases. In both cases, institutional entrepreneurship promoted the confidence of stakeholders and beneficiaries in the schemes and the consequent trust amongst the agents encouraged the actors to modify their behaviour.

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Section: Approach and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do some institutional arrangements succeed? Voluntary protection of forest biodiversity in Southwestern Finland and of the Golden Eagle in Finnish Lapland

Hiedanpää¹,

Borgström²

2014

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“…Regarding other sectors in Finland, Finnish forestry in northern state lands is increasingly including 'neoliberal' elements, and marketbased governance seems often to over-run previously state-based decision making (Sarkki and Rönkä 2012). In addition, a PES scheme called 'nature values trade' regarding private forests has been a rather successful experiment in efforts to combine forest ownership and nature conservation (Paloniemi and Vilja 2009). A key difference with the two previous scenarios (A and B) is that here reindeer herders are viewed as producers of ecosystem services and are incentivised for doing so.…”

Section: Scenario C) Compensated Ecosystem Service Producer With Pes mentioning

confidence: 99%

Users or producers of ecosystem services? A scenario exercise for integrating conservation and reindeer herding in northeast Finland

2012

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Nature conservation is often seen as incompatible with pastoralism: conserved predators can cause significant harm to livestock, or livestock may conquer space from natural species. Currently, nature conservation and related policies are increasingly framed through the notion of ecosystem services, which form basis for human well-being. What are the implications of this framing in the relationships between pastoralism and conservation? To answer this question, we draw from our previous research to build four scenarios on the relationships between reindeer herding and nature conservation in northeast Finland. In the two ecosystem service, 'user' scenarios reindeer herders are seen to degrade nature, and thus should be controlled. In the first scenarios, reindeer herding is still compensated for its losses to predation, but in the second scenario, 'reindeer farming' and free grazing practises are eroded for achieving conservation objectives. If herding is viewed as a producer of ecosystem services, the herders' incentivised function would be to sustain predator populations and resemble natural species (wild forest reindeer). In our two 'producer' scenarios, new professions as ecosystem stewards or as ecotourism entrepreneurs emerge and herding changes from meat production priority to supporting the production of other ecosystem services. Novel solutions to conservation-pastoralism dilemmas might emerge if pastoral communities are seen as potential producers of ecosystem services. However, 'producer-based' conservation practises also include various uncertainties and might have negative impacts on pastoral communities' well-being, especially on the continuity of social and cultural traditions.

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“…Aim of the qualitative study We will explore the cooperative networks of METSO programme as a deliberative implementation process that has been initiated by the state. Forest policy and forest management in Finland have pressures to become more open and more easily accessible to forest owners (Paloniemi and Varho 2009;Saarikoski et al 2012). This means among other things that forest owners' views on their forests should be taken into consideration more carefully.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The EU-wide Natura2000 in the 1990s was the most extreme conflict with hunger strikes and thousands of complaints from private forest owners. (Hiedanpa¨a¨2002; Paloniemi and Varho 2009). As a result, business as usual in the form of coercive means and top-down governance of forest conservation has reached a dead end.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…more precisely, everywhere in Finland except in Lapland). The programme will establish stable favourable trends in Southern Finland's forest ecosystems by shifting the top-down governing approach radically towards a more open and flexible approach (Paloniemi and Varho 2009). During METSO's first years the programme piloted voluntary forest conservation means such as cooperative networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deliberation in cooperative networks for forest conservation

Borg

Paloniemi

2012

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences

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In this article, we discuss cooperative networks for forest conservation from the viewpoint of deliberation. We ask how deliberative processes are produced and what predicts deliberation in the cooperative networks for forest conservation that have been established for policy implementation as a part of the Finnish forest biodiversity programme METSO. We base our argument on both qualitative and quantitative material. In the qualitative study, we present two cooperative networks for forest biodiversity conservation in Finland. The results show that clear leadership, active and determined work for common goals and openness to actively engage new actors assist in creating deliberative processes in cooperative networks. In the quantitative study, we explore the perceptions of implementers of METSO programme about the prerequisites for achievement in deliberation. The results of a quantitative study support those of a qualitative one: involving new forest owner groups and including conservation-biological knowledge were connected to perceived achievement. Based on the findings, we argue that in order to become as deliberative and empowering a programme as it has potential for, METSO needs to expose its actions to a broader public, critique and debate, involve new collaborators actively and support integration of various types of knowledge.

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Changing ecological and cultural states and preferences of nature conservation policy: The case of nature values trade in South-Western Finland

Cited by 47 publications

References 29 publications

Why do some institutional arrangements succeed? Voluntary protection of forest biodiversity in Southwestern Finland and of the Golden Eagle in Finnish Lapland

Why do some institutional arrangements succeed? Voluntary protection of forest biodiversity in Southwestern Finland and of the Golden Eagle in Finnish Lapland

Users or producers of ecosystem services? A scenario exercise for integrating conservation and reindeer herding in northeast Finland

Deliberation in cooperative networks for forest conservation

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