Changing Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcal Colonization

Hickman, Melissa E.; Rench, Marcia A.; Ferrieri, Patricia; Baker, Carol J.

doi:10.1542/peds.104.2.203

Cited by 177 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Gram-positive bacteria, such as GBS and Pn, are classified into serotypes according to the unique carbohydrate sequence of the bacterial surface capsular polysaccharide (CPS) and protein antigens. Serotypes vary in antigenicity, immunogenicity, virulence, and geographical distribution (3). Quantification of the structural and dynamic properties responsible for the affinity and specificity of antigenic oligosaccharide-antibody (Ab) interactions is a crucial step in furthering the understanding of the immune response to bacterial and fungal pathogens.…”

Section: S Treptococcus Agalactiae [Group B Streptococcus (Gbs)] Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the bacterial polysaccharide antigenicity ofStreptococcus agalactiaeversusStreptococcus pneumoniae

Kadirvelraj

González-Outeiriño

Foley

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Bacterial surface capsular polysaccharides (CPS) that are similar in carbohydrate sequence may differ markedly in immunogenicity and antigenicity. The structural origin of these phenomena is poorly understood. Such a case is presented by the Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus; GBS) type III (GBSIII) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pn) type 14 (Pn14), which share closely related CPS sequences. Nevertheless, antibodies (Abs) against GBSIII rarely cross-react with the CPS from Pn14. To establish the origin for the variation in CPS antigenicity, models for the immune complexes of CPS fragments from GBSIII and Pn14, with the variable fragment (Fv) of a GBS-specific mAb (mAb 1B1), are presented. The complexes are generated through a combination of comparative Ab modeling and automated ligand docking, followed by explicitly solvated 10-ns molecular dynamics simulations. The relationship between carbohydrate sequence and antigenicity is further quantified through the computation of interaction energies using the Molecular Mechanics-Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) method, augmented by conformational entropy estimates. Despite the electrostatic differences between Pn14 and GBSIII CPS, analysis indicates that entropic penalties are primarily responsible for the loss of affinity of the highly flexible Pn14 CPS for mAb 1B1. The similarity of the solution conformation of the relatively rigid GBSIII CPS with that in the immune complex characterizes the previously undescribed 3D structure of the conformational epitope. The analysis provides a comprehensive interpretation for a large body of biochemical and immunological data related to Ab recognition of bacterial polysaccharides and should be applicable to other Ab-carbohydrate interactions. S treptococcus agalactiae [Group B Streptococcus (GBS)] andStreptococcus pneumoniae (Pn) are responsible for the majority of life-threatening cases of septicemia, meningitis, and pneumonia in neonates (1, 2). Gram-positive bacteria, such as GBS and Pn, are classified into serotypes according to the unique carbohydrate sequence of the bacterial surface capsular polysaccharide (CPS) and protein antigens. Serotypes vary in antigenicity, immunogenicity, virulence, and geographical distribution (3). Quantification of the structural and dynamic properties responsible for the affinity and specificity of antigenic oligosaccharide-antibody (Ab) interactions is a crucial step in furthering the understanding of the immune response to bacterial and fungal pathogens. In GBS, the CPS is a high-molecularweight polymer composed of varying sequences of ␤-D-, and sometimes L-rhamnopyranose. The glyceryl side chain of the Neu5Ac residues may also be Oacetylated (4). In all GBS strains identified to date, the Neu5Ac residues occur in the terminal position on the side-chain branches of the polymeric repeat unit of the CPS. They play an important role in defining the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the CPS (5). Variations within the CPS sequence result in the nine kno...

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Section: S Treptococcus Agalactiae [Group B Streptococcus (Gbs)] Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the bacterial polysaccharide antigenicity ofStreptococcus agalactiaeversusStreptococcus pneumoniae

Kadirvelraj

González-Outeiriño

Foley

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…There are studies which suggest that changing population demographics may affect GBS colonization rate. 27,28 However, no racial or ethnic shifts were observed in our population (data not shown). Although previous studies have found a higher risk of EOGBS associated with black race, this was not statistically significant in our population, likely due to small numbers and lack of power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Changes in Early-Onset Group B Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus Disease With Changing Recommendations For Prophylaxis

D’Angio

Menegus

et al. 2002

J Perinatol

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“…Hickman et al have shown that the risk of early sepsis of GBS etiology grows with extension of time from the point of interruption of the membranes to the birth of the foetus. Hickman also showed that the colonization of infants born to mothers who are carriers of GBS, with the rupture amniotic membrane in less than 12 hours, fluctuates around 38% and rises to 73% when the time from rupture of amniotic membrane is more than 12 hours [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections of GBS's etiology and use of perinatal antibiotic prophylaxis

Szymański¹,

Szczerba²,

Kurkiewicz³

et al. 2018

J Pre Clin Clin Res.

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Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of an antibiotic prophylaxis in order to reduce perinatal percentage of early-symptomatic infections in newborn infants. Materials and method. Material for the study was obtained from the medical records of 1,328 live born individual infants and their mothers. Tested continuous parameters were described with the appropriate numbers, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median and minimum and maximum values. For analysis of fractions the Chi square was used; also with Yates correction (for a small number of cells). Level of statistical significance -p<0.05. Results. The duration of pregnancy in mothers who gave birth to newborns without evidence of GBS infection was significantly longer than the duration of pregnancy in mothers whose infants were infected with Group B streptococcus (GBS) (39.2 vs 38.3 weeks gestation). In 13 infants infected during delivery, antibiotic prophylaxis was not used (92.86%), while it was used in only one case (7.14%). Perinatal prophylaxis was used in 26.81% of the surveyed mothers. Conclusions. The use of maternal antibiotic prophylaxis can have an impact on lowering the percentage of GBS infections in newborn infants. A trend of reducing the proportion of earlysymptomatic infections has been observedin recent years. The type of delivery does not seem to have a decisive influence on the incidence of GBS-based infection. The colour of the amniotic fluid does not determine the presence of the GBS infection.

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Changing Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcal Colonization

Abstract: Changes in the epidemiology of GBS colonization included diminished rates in some populations associated with use of maternal intrapartum antibiotics, and a shift in serotype prevalence, with Ia as predominant and V, in addition to II and III, as common.

Cited by 177 publications

References 18 publications

Understanding the bacterial polysaccharide antigenicity ofStreptococcus agalactiaeversusStreptococcus pneumoniae

Understanding the bacterial polysaccharide antigenicity ofStreptococcus agalactiaeversusStreptococcus pneumoniae

Changes in Early-Onset Group B Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus Disease With Changing Recommendations For Prophylaxis

Infections of GBS's etiology and use of perinatal antibiotic prophylaxis

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