Changing habitat areas and static reserves: challenges to species protection under climate change

Garden, Jenni G.; O’Donnell, Tim; Catterall, Carla

doi:10.1007/s10980-015-0223-3

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Since conservation networks are generally designed to isolate current species distributions from existing external threats, it comes with no surprise that they would represent baseline priority areas better than future ones. This finding is in line with earlier studies that showed that current protected areas would generally not retain suitable climatic conditions for many of the species for which they were originally designated under scenarios of climate change (Araújo et al 2004;Huntley et al 2008;Hole et al 2009;Lung et al 2014;Garden et al 2015). Within Iberia the same pattern holds true: future bird priority areas display a small level of overlay with existing conservation networks owing to projected shifts in the distributions of Iberian birds as a result of climatic, land-use, vegetation and fire regimes changes (Triviño et al 2011;Araújo et al 2012;Regos et al 2016).…”

Section: Does the Effectiveness Of Iberian Conservation Network Decrsupporting

confidence: 91%

Planning for the future: identifying conservation priority areas for Iberian birds under climate change

et al. 2018

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Context Species are expected to shift their distributions in response to global environmental changes and additional protected areas are needed to encompass the corresponding changes in the distributions of their habitats. Conservation policies are likely to become obsolete unless they integrate the potential impacts of climate and land-use change on biodiversity.Objectives We identify conservation priority areas for current and future projected distributions of Iberian bird species. We then investigate the extent to which global change informed priority areas are: (i) covered by existing protected area networks (national protected areas and Natura 2000); (ii) threatened by agricultural or urban land-use changes.Methods We use outputs of species distributions models fitted with climatic data as inputs in spatial prioritization tools to identify conservation priority areas for 168 bird species. We use projections of land-use change to then discriminate between threatened and nonthreatened priority areas.Results 19% of the priority areas for birds are covered by national protected areas and 23% are covered by Natura 2000 sites. The spatial mismatch between protected area networks and priority areas for birds is projected to increase with climate change. But there are opportunities to improve the protection of birds under climate change, as half of the priority areas are currently neither protected nor in conflict with urban or agricultural land-uses. ConclusionsWe identify critical areas for bird conservation both under current and climate change conditions, and propose that they could guide the establishment of new conservation areas across the Iberian Peninsula complementing existing protected areas.

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Section: Does the Effectiveness Of Iberian Conservation Network Decrsupporting

confidence: 91%

Planning for the future: identifying conservation priority areas for Iberian birds under climate change

et al. 2018

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“…Tree hollows and other microhabitats therefore may play an important role in facilitating the persistence of fauna under anthropogenic climate change by mitigating the impacts of extreme events (Shoo et al 2010, Bryant et al 2012, Scheffers et al 2014). However, the microclimatic effects created by these refuges are not considered when the impacts of future climate change on animal species are modelled (Vos et al 2008, Garden et al 2015, meaning that hollow-using species may have higher resilience to climate change than previously predicted. Therefore, similar to refugia at a larger scale (Ashcroft et al 2012, Keppel et al 2012, tree hollows may have the ability to mitigate the impacts of landscapelevel climatic changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep tree hollows: important refuges from extreme temperatures

O’Connell

Keppel

2016

Wildlife Biology

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Tree hollows constitute crucial habitats for fauna and can bufer ambient environmental conditions. he latter property should be especially relevant during extreme weather conditions, which are forecast to increase under anthropogenic climate change. We investigated the bufering capacity of Eucalyptus oleosa F.Muell. ex Miq. subsp. oleosa tree hollows in semi-arid southern Australia for 28 days under a wide range of ambient temperatures. Tree hollows provided more stable microclimates than ambient conditions, maintaining lower temperatures and higher humidity during the day and higher temperatures and lower humidity during the night. Daytime bufering capacity increased slightly with depth and we recorded a maximum bufering of 15.1°C below ambient temperatures. Maximum day time bufering capacity increased at a rate of approximately 0.6°C per 1°C increase in ambient temperature, meaning that maximum bufering capacity was reached during the hottest periods. he high bufering capacity of tree hollows suggests that old trees with deep hollows are important in facilitating the persistence of fauna during extreme weather events. herefore, protecting old-growth forests and vegetation remnants that are rich in tree hollows is an important strategy for mitigating the impact of climate change on fauna.

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“…Climate change will affect the distribution of species in different ways (Monzon et al., 2011; Heywood, 2012; Garden et al., 2015). In the case of plants, areas of suitable habitat may contract within or expand beyond previously occupied areas, so that some species will adapt and survive, sometimes with reduced populations, and some may expand their distributions; or the location of suitable habitat may shift out of the areas and some species will be able to migrate, tracking the changing climate, while those that are unable to adapt or migrate will suffer severe population decline and eventually become extinct or be ousted by invasive alien species.…”

Section: The Conservation Role Of Protected Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most projections of the future migrations of species are derived from bioclimatic modelling (also known as single-species bioclimatic 'envelope' models). These are a special case of ecological niche or distribution models, in which the current native range of species is related to climatic variables so as to enable projections of distributions under various future climate change scenarios (Guisan and Thuiller, 2005, Elith and Leathwick, 2009) and while considerable advances have been made in this field, it has severe technical limitations (Heikkinen et al., 2006, Pearson et al., 2006, Heywood, 2012) and is hampered by the lack of available georeferenced distribution points for many species, failure to take into account various factors other than climate, such as biotic interactions, evolutionary change and dispersal abilities, and using too coarse a scale to be ecologically meaningful for the species being studied (Hampe, 2004; Garden et al., 2015). Ehrlén and Morris (2015) make the point that a disproportionate amount of effort has focused on distribution only, either documenting historical range shifts or predicting future occurrence patterns, and they recommend that simultaneous projections of abundance and distribution across landscapes would be far more useful.…”

Section: The Conservation Role Of Protected Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserving plants within and beyond protected areas – still problematic and future uncertain

Heywood

2019

Plant Diversity

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Against a background of continuing loss of biodiversity, it is argued that for the successful conservation of threatened plant species we need to ensure the more effective integration of the various conservation actions employed, clarify the wording of the CBD targets and provide clearer operational guidance as to how they are to be implemented and their implementation monitored. The role and effectiveness of protected areas in conserving biodiversity and in particular plant species in situ are discussed as are recent proposals for a massive increase of their extent. The need for much greater effort and investment in the conservation or protection of threatened species outside protected areas where most plant diversity occurs is highlighted. The difficulties involved in implementing effective in situ conservation of plant diversity both at an area- and species/population-based level are discussed. The widespread neglect of species recovery for plants is noted and the desirability of making a clearer distinction between species recovery and reintroduction is emphasized. Key messages from a global overview of species recovery are outlined and recommendations made, including the desirability of each country preparing a national species recovery strategy. The projected impacts of global change on protected areas and on species conservation and recovery, and ways of addressing them are discussed.

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Changing habitat areas and static reserves: challenges to species protection under climate change

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Planning for the future: identifying conservation priority areas for Iberian birds under climate change

Planning for the future: identifying conservation priority areas for Iberian birds under climate change

Deep tree hollows: important refuges from extreme temperatures

Conserving plants within and beyond protected areas – still problematic and future uncertain

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