Changing International ‘Subjectivity’ and Rights and Obligations under International Law – Status of Corporations

Pentikäinen, Merja

doi:10.18352/ulr.185

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…En línea con lo expuesto, cabe traer a colación la siguiente afirmación: "(…) while states have the status of primary subjects of international law with the most extensive capacities (full legal capacity), the 'subjectivity' of international organisations is limited and determined by the powers vested in them. The scope of this 'subjectivity' does give rise to various interpretations" (Pentikäinen 2012).…”

Section: La Actual Conyuntura De Las Personas Jurídicas En El áMbito ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

La comunidad internacional, ¿En pro de la subjetividad jurídica internacional de las multinacionales?

Hellman

2023

Cálamo

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La sociedad internacional ha presentado, tradicionalmente, una naturaleza marcadamente estatal; sin embargo, hoy en día se aprecia el destacado papel que otros actores ejercen en las actuales y complejas relaciones internacionales. Dicho fenómeno es consecuencia, en gran medida, del proceso de humanización al que parece quedar sometido el Derecho Internacional contemporáneo. Tal avance, lógicamente, ha supuesto una alteración sustancial de su “fisonomía”, que a su vez se ha traducido en el reconocimiento de una personalidad jurídica internacional a favor de ciertos actores no estatales. Así pues, a la luz del contexto actual, no debe resultarnos ajeno el debate que ahora se plantea en torno a si las personas jurídicas, tradicionalmente no catalogadas como sujetos desde el punto de vista de la regulación supranacional, puedan ser consideradas como tales en un futuro no tan remoto. Evidentemente, esta discusión, fuertemente avivada en los últimos años, aboga de algún modo por la cristalización de una concepción amplia de la civitas maxima y, por lo tanto, a favor de una ruptura frontal y desafiante para con la teoría clásica existente sobre la subjetividad jurídica internacional.

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Section: La Actual Conyuntura De Las Personas Jurídicas En El áMbito ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

La comunidad internacional, ¿En pro de la subjetividad jurídica internacional de las multinacionales?

Hellman

2023

Cálamo

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“…Pentikäinen has suggested that the prevailing state of affairs appears to enable states to use the SOEs to escape for instance international human rights obligations. 34…”

Section: State Responsibility and Multinational Corporationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The case was brought under the fundamental rights enforcement procedure in the Nigerian Constitution, 9 alleging violations of both constitutional provisions and the African Charter. 10 The plaintiffs claimed that the oil exploration and production activities of Shell, which led to incessant gas flaring, had violated their right to life and the dignity of the human person under sections 33(1) and 34(1) of the Nigerian Constitution, and Articles 4, 16 and 24 of the African Charter. The plaintiffs alleged that the continuous gas flaring by the company had led to poisoning and pollution of the environment which exposed the community to the risk of premature death, respiratory illnesses, asthma and cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Practice of Shared Responsibility in International Law

Nollkaemper

Plakokefalos²

2017

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Emerging robustly in the 1990s as a global tour de force in the globalisation process, 'multinational corporations' (MNCs), also referred to as 'multinational enterprises' (MNEs) or 'transnational corporations' (TNCs) introduced complex international structures connected to states, but at the same time transcending national boundaries. 1 According to Shaw, MNCs 'constitute private organisations comprising several legal entities linked together by parent corporations and are distinguished by size and multinational spread'. 2 The operations of multinational corporations raise important questions of shared responsibility, 3 because of the globalised nature of their operations and the impact of their activities. As Clapham correctly pointed out, a single actor by its action can generate multiple violations by a range of actors, thereby raising the question of shared responsibility and allocation of liability. 4 In other words, an MNC through its global transactions with other actors may set in motion a chain of activities that may lead to multiple harmful outcomes and subsequent claims. The situation is further complicated by the structure of international law and the fact that at present there is no international tribunal or court that has jurisdiction over MNCs. 5 It is argued in this chapter that despite the conceptual difficulties in applying shared responsibility to MNCs under international law, there are significant developments at the international level which may

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“…35 Clapham focuses on the capacity of nonstate actors to have rights and obligations and, affirming both, he consequently attributes limited international personality to MNCs. 36 In a similar vein other scholars measure MNCs based on their roles and duties 37 or rights and responsibilities, 38 instead of concentrating on the 'label' 39 they carry. Klabbers has ascribed a merely descriptive and normatively empty value to the concept of international legal subjectivity.…”

Section: International Legal Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multinational Corporations in International Law

Wouters

Chané

2013

SSRN Journal

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This paper analyses the status, rights and obligations of multinational corporations (MNCs) under international law, focusing in particular on international human rights, investment, environmental and criminal law. Private companies wield increasing economic and social power, frequently rivalling the one of states. While they are thereby in a position to contribute to the economic and technological development of societies, they can also harm human rights, damage the environment, or commit crimes. Domestic law has proven to be insufficient to promote the positive effects of business by safeguarding a stable and reliable economic environment, and to curb the negative effects by ensuring accountability. Assessing MNCs in the framework of international law, this paper comes to the conclusion that, independent of whether or not MNCs have international legal personality, they enjoy considerable rights under international investment law and under international human rights law. Conversely, MNCs do not have binding obligations under international law, notwithstanding a range of initiatives, attempting to create, both, voluntary and non-voluntary instruments.

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Changing International ‘Subjectivity’ and Rights and Obligations under International Law – Status of Corporations

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

La comunidad internacional, ¿En pro de la subjetividad jurídica internacional de las multinacionales?

La comunidad internacional, ¿En pro de la subjetividad jurídica internacional de las multinacionales?

The Practice of Shared Responsibility in International Law

Multinational Corporations in International Law

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