Changing pattern of hepatitis C virus spread in rural areas of Egypt

Arafa, Naglaa; Hoseiny, Mostafa El; Rekacewicz, Claire; Bakr, Iman; El-Kafrawy, Sherif A.; El-Daly, Maï; Aoun, Saeed; Marzouk, Diaa; Mostafa, Mohamed; Fontanet, Arnaud

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2005.03.021

Cited by 98 publications

(121 citation statements)

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“…Sharing personal utensils like tooth brushes, shaving razors, tattoo acupuncture and nail cutter and paramedical ear piercing and during paramedical circumcision have significant association with the occurrence of HCV infection. This result is in agreement with that reported by Arafa et al (2005) (19) who concluded that Community and informal health provider related exposures were associated with increased HCV infection. The significant association between previous blood transfusion& occurrence of HCV infection, is in agreement with that reported by Abdelwahab et al (2012) (22) who stated that HCV prevalence rates are higher among previously transfused patients.…”

Section: Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Infection Is a Major Public Health Csupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The prevalence of HCV infection in males and females were found to be 44.2% and 36.6%, respectively, however this difference did not reach statistical significance (P= 0.159), indicating that gender plays no role in the prevalence of HCV infection among diabetic type 2 patients. The absence of a relationship between residence of the patients and the prevalence of infection in Sharkia governorate is not in agreement with many studies which reported higher prevalence in rural areas (19) (20) . This is not surprising as it may be in part due to the agriculture nature of Sharkia governorate and on other part it reflects the rural immigration to urban areas because of the close proximity of urban and rural areas, actually there is no sharp demarcation between inhabitants of cities and villages.…”

Section: Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Infection Is a Major Public Health Ccontrasting

confidence: 73%

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Prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection Among Diabetics Type 2 at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Amin¹,

Ghorab²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2015

Zagazig University Medical Journal

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Background: HCV virus infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus are two major public health problems in Egypt. Egypt has the highest HCV virus prevalence in the world and is considered the ninth in rank of the highest prevalence of diabetes worldwide. The mutual relationship between diabetes and increased HCV infection may be due to the association of HCV with hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and decrease of adiponectine synthesis as well as the nature of diabetes and its inherent complications and/or frequent parental exposure. Objective: determination of the prevalence of HCV infection in type-2 diabetics in Sharkia Governorate and to explore the predominant risk factors for HCV infection and its relation to some demographic parameters of this locality. Subjects and methods: A cross sectional randomized study was conducted to 642 patients, regardless of gender, body weight, educational level or socioeconomic levels, at multicentre managing diabetic patients at Sharkia governorate. All patients were subjected to detection of HCV-ab by third generation ELISA and HBA1C level Results:The prevalence of HCV infection among type 2 diabetic patients at Sharkia governorate approximates 38.7 %. Higher prevalence was detected among patients between 45 & 65 years old, low socioeconomic level, low educational level, and those who share personal utensils, have other family members infected with HCV. Patients who previously transfused, previous hospitalized, previously received parenteral anti-bilharzial therapy and those receiving insulin injections are also at high risk. Conclusion: As high as 39% of type-2 diabetics at Sharkia Governorate are HCV-infected. Apart from classic risk factors, The most significant independable factors associated with development of HCV infection in type 2 diabetics are low socioeconomic standard and low educational level. Previous blood transfusion, family members infected with HCV, parenteral antibilharzial treatment, sharing personal utensils and previous hospitalization may play also a role.

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Section: Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Infection Is a Major Public Health Csupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Hepatitis C Virus (Hcv) Infection Is a Major Public Health Ccontrasting

confidence: 73%

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection Among Diabetics Type 2 at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Amin¹,

Ghorab²,

Mohamed³

et al. 2015

Zagazig University Medical Journal

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“…20,21 Recent investigations in Egypt have also shown the increasing importance of HCV infection in the etiology of HCC, now estimated to account for 40-50% of cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of hepatitis viruses among hepatocellular carcinoma cases and healthy people in Egypt: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Lehman

Wilson

2008

Intl Journal of Cancer

128

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Liver cancers are strongly linked to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Egypt has the highest prevalence of HCV worldwide and has rising rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Egypt's unique nature of liver disease presents questions regarding the distribution of HBV and HCV in the etiology of HCC. Accordingly, a systematic search of MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, ScienceDirect and World Health Organisation databases was undertaken for relevant articles regarding HBV and HCV prevalence in Egypt among healthy populations and HCC cases. We calculated weighted mean prevalences for HBV and HCV among the populations of interest and examined differences in prevalence by descriptive features, including age, year and geographic region. Prevalences for HBV and HCV were 6.7% and 13.9% among healthy populations, and 25.9% and 78.5% among HCC cases. Adults had higher prevalences of both infections (Adult HBV 5 8.0%, Child HBV 5 1.6%; Adult HCV 5 15.7%, Child HCV 5 4.0%). Geographically, HBV was higher in the south, whereas HCV was greater in the north (North HBV 5 4.6%, South HBV 5 11.7%; North HCV 5 15.8%, South HCV 5 6.7%). Among HCC cases, HBV significantly decreased over time (p 5 0.001) while HCV did not, suggesting a shift in the relative influences of these viruses in HCC etiology in Egypt. Our results highlight large amounts of heterogeneity among the epidemiological factors associated with liver disease in Egypt and underscore the necessity of an integrated strategy for the successful prevention of viral hepatitis infections and chronic liver disease. ' 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: pooled analysis; liver cancer; infectious diseases; developing countries Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) comprises nearly 6% of all incident cancer cases worldwide, with the overwhelming majority occurring in the developing world.1 One of the least curable malignancies, HCC is the third most frequent cause of cancer mortality among men worldwide.1 Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been cited as, by far, the most important etiologic agents.2 According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), 350 million people are chronically infected with HBV and 170 million are infected with HCV.3,4 The relative importance of HBV and HCV as causative agents can vary greatly from region to region and over time.1,5 Selecting appropriate HCC prevention and control methods, therefore, depends on understanding the dynamics of these agents in a specified geographic region.Incidence of HCC in Egypt is currently increasing, which may be the result of a shift in the relative importance of HBV and HCV as primary risk factors.6-8 HCC is the second most frequent cause of cancer incidence and mortality among men in Egypt.9 Hospitalbased studies from Egypt have reported an increase in the relative frequency of all liver-related cancers in Egypt (>95% as HCC), from 4.0% in 1993 to 7.3% in 2003.6-8 The Middle East Cancer Consortium recently reported that the incidence rate among males was 7 times greater...

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“…In the developing world, studies suggest that some HCV infections in children could not be fully accounted for by exposure to blood transfusions or unsafe injections, suggesting other modes of transmission 30, 31. Follow‐up studies have demonstrated that the robust intrafamilial component seen in HCV occurrences within families could, in part, be explained by specific genetic predisposition to persistent HCV infection 32.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another 6%‐12% of those with chronic hepatitis C infection may clear the virus before adulthood 4, 39, 64, 65, 66. Spontaneous viral clearance, which is associated with biochemical remission of hepatitis, has been reported to occur more frequently in children with higher alanine aminotransferase levels in the first 2 years of life 30, 38, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70. Both host and viral factors have been associated with the attainment of spontaneous viral clearance; these include infection with genotype 3 and the interleukin 28B rs12979860 single‐nucleotide polymorphism 38, 67, 71, 72.…”

Section: Natural History Of Hcv Infection In Children and Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus infection in children and adolescents

Squires

Balistreri

2017

Hepatology Communications

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Changing pattern of hepatitis C virus spread in rural areas of Egypt

Cited by 98 publications

References 14 publications

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection Among Diabetics Type 2 at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection Among Diabetics Type 2 at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt

Epidemiology of hepatitis viruses among hepatocellular carcinoma cases and healthy people in Egypt: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Hepatitis C virus infection in children and adolescents

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