2021
DOI: 10.1128/aac.00901-21
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Changing Pattern of Plasmodium falciparum pfmdr1 Gene Polymorphisms in Southern Rwanda

Abstract: Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance-1 gene ( pfmdr1 ) polymorphisms associate with altered antimalarial susceptibility. Between 2010 and 2018/19, we observed that the prevalence of the wildtype allele N86 and the wildtype combination NYD increased ten-fold (4% versus 40%) and more than two-fold (18% versus 44%), respectively. Haplotypes other than NYD or NFD declined by up to >90%. Our molecular data sugge… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…In Africa, this development might be delayed because of prevalent partial immunity contributing to parasite elimination and high transmission increasing the likelihood of resistance allele outcrossing. Nonetheless, in Rwanda, where artemether/ lumefantrine is the first-line antimalarial drug combination, a shift in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) genotype pattern over the past decade suggests an increasingly lumefantrine-tolerant phenotype (13,14), although pfmdr1 is not a validated marker for lumefantrine resistance.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Africa, this development might be delayed because of prevalent partial immunity contributing to parasite elimination and high transmission increasing the likelihood of resistance allele outcrossing. Nonetheless, in Rwanda, where artemether/ lumefantrine is the first-line antimalarial drug combination, a shift in the P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) genotype pattern over the past decade suggests an increasingly lumefantrine-tolerant phenotype (13,14), although pfmdr1 is not a validated marker for lumefantrine resistance.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[15] Concerningly, other validated mutations, including 675V and 469Y, have been described across the region, as well as in Rwanda albeit at comparatively low prevalences (Table S1). [14,[16][17][18][19] However, despite the early identification in Rwanda, large-scale surveillance for K13 mutations has not been conducted.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%