Changing Patterns in Causes of Death in a Cohort of Injecting Drug Users, 1980-2001

Copeland, Lorraine; Budd, John; Robertson, J. H.; Elton, R. A.

doi:10.1001/archinte.164.11.1214

Cited by 79 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8] While mortality rates cannot be directly compared across studies without age or sex adjustment, our results appear to be consistent with other literature reports. A prospective study of mortality among drug users after treatment showed an equally high mortality rate (1.2%), which was six times higher than that for a general, agematched population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…23 The annual mortality rate for people with opioid abuse in a 12-year follow-up study was 1.4%, 4 and among subjects with a history of injection drug use in Scotland, the average annual mortality rate was 2.3% over a 21-year period. 7 These rates are all similar to the 1.7% per year rate in our study and our finding of increased mortality compared with the general population.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…3 Alcohol and drug dependence increase the risk of death substantially. [4][5][6][7][8] As in the general population, death in adults with substance dependence is more common in men than in women. [9][10][11] Similarly, older age is also associated with mortality in this population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Risk of Mortality during Four Years after Substance Detoxification in Urban Adults

Saitz

Gaeta²,

Cheng³

et al. 2007

J Urban Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this analysis was to assess the mortality rate and risk factors in adults, with substance dependence, who are not receiving primary medical care (PC). Date and cause of death were identified using the National Death Index data and death certificates for 470 adults without PC over a period of almost 4 years after detailed clinical assessment after detoxification. Factors associated with risk of mortality were determined using stepwise Cox proportional hazards models. Subjects were 76% male, 47% homeless, and 47% with chronic medical illness; 40% reported alcohol, 27% heroin, and 33% cocaine as substance of choice. Median age was 35. During a period of up to 4 years, 27 (6%) subjects died. Median age at death was 39. Causes included: poisoning by any substance (40.9% of deaths), trauma (13%), cardiovascular disease (13.6%), and exposure to cold (9.1%). The age adjusted mortality rate was 4.4 times that of the general population in the same city. Among these individuals without PC in a detoxification unit, risk factors associated with death were the following: drug of choice [heroin: hazard ratio (HR) 6.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-31.1]; alcohol: HR 3.7 (95% CI 0.79-16.9) compared to cocaine); past suicide attempt (HR 2.1, 95% CI 0.96-4.5); persistent homelessness (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.3); and history of any chronic medical illness (HR 2.1, 95% CI 0.93-4.7). Receipt of primary care was not significantly associated with death (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.34-2.1). Risk of mortality is high in patients with addictions and risk factors identifiable when these patients seek help from the health care system (i.e., for detoxification) may help identify those at highest risk for whom interventions could be targeted.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Risk of Mortality during Four Years after Substance Detoxification in Urban Adults

Saitz

Gaeta²,

Cheng³

et al. 2007

J Urban Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1][2][3][4] Excess risk of mortality among drug users has been attributed to HIV infection, drug overdosing, and violence. [5][6][7] Fluctuations over time in the relative influence of different causes of death have also been noted. During the 1990s, several studies reported decreasing death rates due to HIV infection among drug users and attributed the downward trends to the new HIV medication regimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

A Comparative Study of Mortality Among Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users in East Harlem, New York, and Bayamon, Puerto Rico

Colón¹,

Deren

Robles³

et al. 2006

J Urban Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Despite high prevalence of HCV infection, the risk of HCV related death among active opiate users is low (10), and the dominant causes of excess mortality are drug overdose, suicide, trauma and in some populations also HIV/AIDS (3,(8)(9)(10). However, directly drug related mortality is reduced in patients receiving OST, (11,12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic hepatitis C in Swedish subjects receiving opiate substitution therapy—Factors associated with advanced fibrosis

Jerkeman

Westin

Lagging

et al. 2014

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic hepatitis C in Swedish subjects receiving opiate substitution therapy-Factors associated with advanced fibrosis.OGIONWO JERKEMAN, ANNA; Westin, Johan; Lagging, Martin; Norkrans, Gunnar; Lidman, Christer; Frimand, Jan; Simonsberg, Christian; Kakko, Johan; Widell, Anders; Björkman, Per Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Jerkeman, A., Westin, J., Lagging, M., Norkrans, G., Lidman, C., Frimand, J., ... Björkman, P. (2014). Chronic hepatitis C in Swedish subjects receiving opiate substitution therapy-Factors associated with advanced fibrosis. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 46(5), 340-347. DOI: 10.3109/00365548.2013.879994 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal

show abstract

Changing Patterns in Causes of Death in a Cohort of Injecting Drug Users, 1980-2001

Cited by 79 publications

References 22 publications

Risk of Mortality during Four Years after Substance Detoxification in Urban Adults

Risk of Mortality during Four Years after Substance Detoxification in Urban Adults

A Comparative Study of Mortality Among Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users in East Harlem, New York, and Bayamon, Puerto Rico

Chronic hepatitis C in Swedish subjects receiving opiate substitution therapy—Factors associated with advanced fibrosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About