“…A large proportion of research related to HCK has concentrated on pre-service and in-service teachers' views. In general, both pre-service and in-service teachers have perceived university-level mathematics and school maths as somewhat distinct areas (Hannula, 2018a;Koponen et al, 2016;Mosvold & Fauskanger, 2014;Paolucci, 2015). Additionally, some studies (Mosvold & Fauskanger, 2014;Wasserman, Weber, Villanueva & Mejia-Ramos, 2018) suggest that in-service teachers emphasise the mathematical content at the level they are teaching, disregarding the broader mathematical context.…”